Index
341
Heat shock-inducible HSP70 promoter, usage,
209
Hemifacial microsomia, 250
Hes1-7 genes, involvement, 102
hes1-7/hey groups, Xenopus tropicalis genes
(notch signaling responsiveness), 82
hes4-7/hey genes, early expression patterns, 80
Hes4, role, 105, 107
hes genes, impact, 110, 111
Hes genes, role, 107
Hes/Hey bHLH-O transcription factors,
binding, 78
hes/hey genes
cross-regulation, 88–89
impact, 96–97
role, 103–104
Heterochromatinization, drivers, 180
Heterochromatin marks, 180
Heterologous mRNAs, expression, 29
Heterosis, 156
Heterotaxy (HTX)
birth defects, 234–235
developmental cell signaling, mysteries,
238–239
disease mechanism analysis, left-right
patterning (usage), 236–237
internal organs, misorientation, 233
patient cohorts, analysis, 235–236
studying, approaches, 236–237
studying, morphological/developmental
benef ts, 236
understanding, molecular/genetic studies,
234–236
hhex-positive/nrlh5-positive liver progenitors,
problem, 270
HH/Gli-target genes, 268
High-resolution proteomic analyses
database, 198–199
development, 197
nomenclature/gene symbols, 199–200
High-throughput RNA-seq, possibility, 44
Hippo signaling pathway, 71
HIRA histone chaperone complex, 176
Histone deacetylases (HDACs)
Hdac1 activity, importance, 133
impact, 111
recruitment, 78
Histone H3, N-terminal tails (modif cations),
174
Histone modif cations, 332
acquisition/dynamics, 178–180
comparisons, 179
maps, 174
repression/modulation, contrast, 180–181
Histone resistance, 332
Histone variants, usage, 176–177
His, Wilhelm, 126, 126
Hogben, Lancelot, 6–7
Hogben Pregnancy Test, 7
Homeologous gene loci, comparison, 159
Homeologs, 156
Homozygous muzak tadpoles, myh6 nonsense
mutation (impact), 211
Hornblatt, 126
Hörstadius, Sven, 126
Hox clusters
identif cation, 162
sequence determination, 158
hox genes
analyses, 162–163
identif cation, 162
necessity, 116
patterning role, occurrence, 131
HPLC, usage, 54
Human ciliopathies, study, 251
Human disease
genetic polymorphism, contribution, 314
Xenopus model, 71–72
Human embryo, representation, 247
Human genome, natural polymorphisms,
313–314
Human organisms, whole genome sequences
(publications), 157
Human protein variants (encoding), RNAs
(usage), 319–320
Huxley, Julien, 7
I
Immotile:motile cilia ratio, establishment, 237
Immune cell response, inf ammation
(relationship), 295
INDELs, presence, 236
Induced double strand break (DSB) repair, 305
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)
expression patterns, 330
generation, 329
Induced tumor-like structures (ITLSs),
302–303
Inducible promoters, usage, 209
Inner ear endorgans, galvanic vestibular
stimulation, 283
Insertional mutagenesis, 211–212
Insertion-deletion (INDEL) mutations, 305
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling,
impact, 58
Integrin protein, information relay, 130
Intermediate-localizing mRNAs, 27
Internal organs, misorientation, 233
Intestinal malrotation, 260
Intestinal neoplasia, 304
Intestines, endoderm organ fate, 270–271
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), FGR
(comparison), 319
Intron-exon-UTR annotation, adjustment, 198
In vitro preparations, usage, 282–285
In vitro Xenopus preparations, usage, 284
Involuting marginal zone (IMZ), 98
contribution, 90–91
I-SceI recognition site, 208
Isis (Oken), 4
Isogenic tadpoles, lymphoid tumor cell/
collagen mixture matrix (subcutaneous
transplantation), 303
iTRAQ, usage, 197
J
Jelly coats, removal, 19
JNK (non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway
component), 71
signaling, 249
K
KEN box, 16
Kinetochores, concentration (low level), 16
Kinin-kallikrein signaling, NO production, 249
Kremen2, mediation role, 128
L
Late-localizing mRNAs, 27
Lateral facial dysplasia, 250
Laterality, nodal cascade (impact), 225–226
Lateral plate, appearance, 186
Lateral plate mesoderm (LPM)
Nodal cascade, activity, 228
Nodal signaling, propagation, 225
LEF/TCF proteins, transcriptional activation
complex, 66
Left-right (LR) asymmetry, impact (absence),
228
Left-right (LR) axis
formation, 225
present state, 225–229
Left-right (LR) development, 225
Left-right organizer (LRO), 226
cells, fow target Dand5 (role), 227
pathway, signals (relaying), 236–237
patterning, 239
tissue, mispositioning, 228
Left-right (LR) patterning, 236–237
Left-right (LR)-relevant Nodal signaling
module components, 229
Left-right (LR) signaling module, percent
identity matrix, 229
Leftward fow target, Dand5 identif cation,
226, 228
Le Règne Animal (Cuvier), 4
Liddle syndrome, 146
Ligand-gated ion channels, expression (rarity),
147
Lineage tracing, 203–204
Linkage groups, mapping, 157
Linker histones, usage, 176–177
Liquid chromatography-tandem mass
spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), usage, 306
Liver, endoderm organ fate, 268, 270
Localization elements (LEs) identif cation,
structure-function mutagenesis (usage), 27
Localized maternal mRNAs, 26–27
Localized mRNAs, roles, 27
Localized RNAs, molecular characterization,
26–28
Lohka, Manfred, 9
Loss-of-function analysis, 186
Loss-of-function approaches, 209
Loss-of-function assays, usage, 57
Loss of function (LOF), elicitation, 245
Loss-of-function experiments, 31, 102
XFD/DN-Fgfr1/DN-Ras, usage, 56
Loss-of-function in vivo studies, 59
Loss-of-function (LOF) mutation, 304
Loss-of-function studies, 54, 70
Loss of heterozygosity (LOH), 303
LRP6 receptor endocytosis, promotion, 44
LRP intracellular domain, 66
L subgenomes
asymmetrical evolution, 159, 161
identifcation, 158–159, 160–161
Lungs, endoderm organ fate, 268
Lymphoid tumor cell/collagen mixture matrix,
subcutaneous transplantation, 303
Lysis buffer, usage, 203
M
M1/M2 polarization, regulation, 295
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), usage,
306, 307
341
Heat shock-inducible HSP70 promoter, usage,
209
Hemifacial microsomia, 250
Hes1-7 genes, involvement, 102
hes1-7/hey groups, Xenopus tropicalis genes
(notch signaling responsiveness), 82
hes4-7/hey genes, early expression patterns, 80
Hes4, role, 105, 107
hes genes, impact, 110, 111
Hes genes, role, 107
Hes/Hey bHLH-O transcription factors,
binding, 78
hes/hey genes
cross-regulation, 88–89
impact, 96–97
role, 103–104
Heterochromatinization, drivers, 180
Heterochromatin marks, 180
Heterologous mRNAs, expression, 29
Heterosis, 156
Heterotaxy (HTX)
birth defects, 234–235
developmental cell signaling, mysteries,
238–239
disease mechanism analysis, left-right
patterning (usage), 236–237
internal organs, misorientation, 233
patient cohorts, analysis, 235–236
studying, approaches, 236–237
studying, morphological/developmental
benef ts, 236
understanding, molecular/genetic studies,
234–236
hhex-positive/nrlh5-positive liver progenitors,
problem, 270
HH/Gli-target genes, 268
High-resolution proteomic analyses
database, 198–199
development, 197
nomenclature/gene symbols, 199–200
High-throughput RNA-seq, possibility, 44
Hippo signaling pathway, 71
HIRA histone chaperone complex, 176
Histone deacetylases (HDACs)
Hdac1 activity, importance, 133
impact, 111
recruitment, 78
Histone H3, N-terminal tails (modif cations),
174
Histone modif cations, 332
acquisition/dynamics, 178–180
comparisons, 179
maps, 174
repression/modulation, contrast, 180–181
Histone resistance, 332
Histone variants, usage, 176–177
His, Wilhelm, 126, 126
Hogben, Lancelot, 6–7
Hogben Pregnancy Test, 7
Homeologous gene loci, comparison, 159
Homeologs, 156
Homozygous muzak tadpoles, myh6 nonsense
mutation (impact), 211
Hornblatt, 126
Hörstadius, Sven, 126
Hox clusters
identif cation, 162
sequence determination, 158
hox genes
analyses, 162–163
identif cation, 162
necessity, 116
patterning role, occurrence, 131
HPLC, usage, 54
Human ciliopathies, study, 251
Human disease
genetic polymorphism, contribution, 314
Xenopus model, 71–72
Human embryo, representation, 247
Human genome, natural polymorphisms,
313–314
Human organisms, whole genome sequences
(publications), 157
Human protein variants (encoding), RNAs
(usage), 319–320
Huxley, Julien, 7
I
Immotile:motile cilia ratio, establishment, 237
Immune cell response, inf ammation
(relationship), 295
INDELs, presence, 236
Induced double strand break (DSB) repair, 305
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)
expression patterns, 330
generation, 329
Induced tumor-like structures (ITLSs),
302–303
Inducible promoters, usage, 209
Inner ear endorgans, galvanic vestibular
stimulation, 283
Insertional mutagenesis, 211–212
Insertion-deletion (INDEL) mutations, 305
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling,
impact, 58
Integrin protein, information relay, 130
Intermediate-localizing mRNAs, 27
Internal organs, misorientation, 233
Intestinal malrotation, 260
Intestinal neoplasia, 304
Intestines, endoderm organ fate, 270–271
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), FGR
(comparison), 319
Intron-exon-UTR annotation, adjustment, 198
In vitro preparations, usage, 282–285
In vitro Xenopus preparations, usage, 284
Involuting marginal zone (IMZ), 98
contribution, 90–91
I-SceI recognition site, 208
Isis (Oken), 4
Isogenic tadpoles, lymphoid tumor cell/
collagen mixture matrix (subcutaneous
transplantation), 303
iTRAQ, usage, 197
J
Jelly coats, removal, 19
JNK (non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway
component), 71
signaling, 249
K
KEN box, 16
Kinetochores, concentration (low level), 16
Kinin-kallikrein signaling, NO production, 249
Kremen2, mediation role, 128
L
Late-localizing mRNAs, 27
Lateral facial dysplasia, 250
Laterality, nodal cascade (impact), 225–226
Lateral plate, appearance, 186
Lateral plate mesoderm (LPM)
Nodal cascade, activity, 228
Nodal signaling, propagation, 225
LEF/TCF proteins, transcriptional activation
complex, 66
Left-right (LR) asymmetry, impact (absence),
228
Left-right (LR) axis
formation, 225
present state, 225–229
Left-right (LR) development, 225
Left-right organizer (LRO), 226
cells, fow target Dand5 (role), 227
pathway, signals (relaying), 236–237
patterning, 239
tissue, mispositioning, 228
Left-right (LR) patterning, 236–237
Left-right (LR)-relevant Nodal signaling
module components, 229
Left-right (LR) signaling module, percent
identity matrix, 229
Leftward fow target, Dand5 identif cation,
226, 228
Le Règne Animal (Cuvier), 4
Liddle syndrome, 146
Ligand-gated ion channels, expression (rarity),
147
Lineage tracing, 203–204
Linkage groups, mapping, 157
Linker histones, usage, 176–177
Liquid chromatography-tandem mass
spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), usage, 306
Liver, endoderm organ fate, 268, 270
Localization elements (LEs) identif cation,
structure-function mutagenesis (usage), 27
Localized maternal mRNAs, 26–27
Localized mRNAs, roles, 27
Localized RNAs, molecular characterization,
26–28
Lohka, Manfred, 9
Loss-of-function analysis, 186
Loss-of-function approaches, 209
Loss-of-function assays, usage, 57
Loss of function (LOF), elicitation, 245
Loss-of-function experiments, 31, 102
XFD/DN-Fgfr1/DN-Ras, usage, 56
Loss-of-function in vivo studies, 59
Loss-of-function (LOF) mutation, 304
Loss-of-function studies, 54, 70
Loss of heterozygosity (LOH), 303
LRP6 receptor endocytosis, promotion, 44
LRP intracellular domain, 66
L subgenomes
asymmetrical evolution, 159, 161
identifcation, 158–159, 160–161
Lungs, endoderm organ fate, 268
Lymphoid tumor cell/collagen mixture matrix,
subcutaneous transplantation, 303
Lysis buffer, usage, 203
M
M1/M2 polarization, regulation, 295
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), usage,
306, 307