272
Xenopus
Cerdá-Esteban, N., Naumann, H., Ruzittu, S., Mah, N., Pongrac,
I. M., Cozzitorto, C., Hommel, A., Andrade-Navarro, M. A.,
Bonifacio, E., & Spagnoli, F. M. (2017). Stepwise reprogramming of liver cells to a pancreas progenitor state by the
transcriptional regulator Tgif2. Nature Communications, 8,
14127.
Cha, S. W., Hwang, Y. S., Chae, J. P., Lee, S. Y., Lee, H. S., Daar,
I., Park, M. J., & Kim, J. (2004). Inhibition of FGF signaling
causes expansion of the endoderm in Xenopus. Biochemical
and Biophysical Research Communications, 315 (1), 100–106.
Cha, S. W., Tadjuidje, E., Tao, Q., Wylie, C., & Heasman, J. (2008a).
Wnt5a and Wnt11 interact in a maternal Dkk1-regulated fashion to activate both canonical and non-canonical signaling in
Xenopus axis formation. Development, 135 (22), 3719–3729.
Cha, S. W., Lee, J. W., Hwang, Y. S., Chae, J. P., Park, K. M.,
Cho, H. J., Kim, D. S., Bae, Y. C., & Park, M. J. (2008b).
Spatiotemporal regulation of fbroblast growth factor signal blocking for endoderm formation in Xenopus laevis.
Experimental & Molecular Medicine, 40 (5), 550–557.
Chalmers, A. D., & Slack, J. M. (2000). The Xenopus tadpole gut:
Fate maps and morphogenetic movements. Development,
127 (2), 381–392.
Charney, R. M., Forouzmand, E., Cho, J. S., Cheung, J., Paraiso,
K. D., Yasuoka, Y., Takahashi, S., Taira, M., Blitz, I. L., Xie,
X., & Cho, K. W. (2017a). Foxh1 occupies cis-regulatory
modules prior to dynamic transcription factor interactions
controlling the mesendoderm gene program. Developmental
Cell, 40 (6), 595–607.e4.
Charney, R. M., Paraiso, K. D., Blitz, I. L., & Cho, K. (2017b). A
gene regulatory program controlling early Xenopus mesendoderm formation: Network conservation and motifs. Seminars
in Cell & Developmental Biology, 66, 12–24.
Chen, Y., Pan, F. C., Brandes, N., Afelik, S., Sölter, M., & Pieler,
T. (2004). Retinoic acid signaling is essential for pancreas
development and promotes endocrine at the expense of exocrine cell differentiation in Xenopus. Developmental Biology,
271 (1), 144–160.
Colleypriest, B. J., Farrant, J. M., Slack, J. M., & Tosh, D. (2010).
The role of Cdx2 in Barrett’s metaplasia. Biochemical Society
Transactions, 38 (2), 364–369.
Dale, L., & Slack, J. M. (1987). Fate map for the 32-cell stage of
Xenopus laevis. Development, 99 (4), 527–551.
Damianitsch, K., Melchert, J., & Pieler, T. (2009). XsFRP5
modulates endodermal organogenesis in Xenopus laevis.
Developmental Biology, 329 (2), 327–337.
D’Amour, K. A., Agulnick, A. D., Eliazer, S., Kelly, O. G., Kroon,
E., & Baetge, E. E. (2005). Eff cient differentiation of
human embryonic stem cells to defnitive endoderm. Nature
Biotechnology, 23 (12), 1534–1541.
Davis, A., Amin, N. M., Johnson, C., Bagley, K., Ghashghaei,
H. T., & Nascone-Yoder, N. (2017). Stomach curvature
is generated by left-right asymmetric gut morphogenesis.
Development, 144 (8), 1477–1483.
Deimling, S. J., & Drysdale, T. A. (2011). Fgf is required to regulate anterior-posterior patterning in the Xenopus lateral
plate mesoderm. Mechanisms of Development, 128(7–10),
327–341.
de Jong, E. M., Douben, H., Eussen, B. H., Felix, J. F., Wessels,
M. W., Poddighe, P. J., Nikkels, P. G., de Krijger, R. R.,
Tibboel, D., & de Klein, A. (2010). 5q11.2 deletion in a
patient with tracheal agenesis. European Journal of Human
Genetics: EJHG, 18 (11), 1265–1268.
De Robertis, E. M., & Kuroda, H. (2004). Dorsal-ventral patterning
and neural induction in Xenopus embryos. Annual Review of
Cell and Developmental Biology, 20, 285–308.
Deutsch, G., Jung, J., Zheng, M., Lóra, J., & Zaret, K. S. (2001). A
bipotential precursor population for pancreas and liver within
the embryonic endoderm. Development, 128 (6), 871–881.
Domyan, E. T., Ferretti, E., Throckmorton, K., Mishina, Y., Nicolis,
S. K., & Sun, X. (2011). Signaling through BMP receptors
promotes respiratory identity in the foregut via repression of
Sox2. Development, 138 (5), 971–981.
Dush, M. K., & Nascone-Yoder, N. M. (2019). Vangl2 coordinates
cell rearrangements during gut elongation. Developmental
Dynamics, 248 (7), 569–582.
Edwards, N. A., & Zorn, A. M. (2021). Modeling endoderm
development and disease in Xenopus. Current Topics in
Developmental Biology. Academic Press, ISSN 0070–2153.
https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ctdb.2021.01.001 .
Faas, L., & Isaacs, H. V. (2009). Overlapping functions of Cdx1,
Cdx2, and Cdx4 in the development of the amphibian Xenopus
tropicalis. Developmental Dynamics, 238 (4), 835–852.
Fuentealba, L. C., Eivers, E., Ikeda, A., Hurtado, C., Kuroda, H.,
Pera, E. M., & De Robertis, E. M. (2007). Integrating patterning signals: Wnt/GSK3 regulates the duration of the BMP/
Smad1 signal. Cell, 131 (5), 980–993.
Gentsch, G. E., Owens, N. D., Martin, S. R., Piccinelli, P., Faial, T.,
Trotter, M. W., Gilchrist, M. J., & Smith, J. C. (2013). In vivo
T-box transcription factor profling reveals joint regulation of
embryonic neuromesodermal bipotency. Cell Reports, 4(6),
1185–1196.
Gentsch, G. E., Spruce, T., Owens, N., & Smith, J. C. (2019).
Maternal pluripotency factors initiate extensive chromatin
remodelling to predef ne frst response to inductive signals.
Nature Communications, 10 (1), 4269.
Gere-Becker, M. B., Pommerenke, C., Lingner, T., & Pieler, T.
(2018). Retinoic acid-induced expression of Hnf1b and Fzd4
is required for pancreas development in Xenopus laevis.
Development, 145 (12), dev161372.
Grzymkowski, J., Wyatt, B., & Nascone-Yoder, N. (2020). The
twists and turns of left-right asymmetric gut morphogenesis.
Development, 147 (19), dev187583.
Han, L., Zhang, Z., Wang, H. et al. (2020). Novel MNX1 mutations
and genotype-phenotype analysis of patients with Currarino
syndrome. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 15, 155.
Hardwick, L., & Philpott, A. (2018). Xenopus models of cancer:
Expanding the oncologist’s toolbox. Frontiers in Physiology,
9, 1660.
Heasman, J., Wylie, C. C., Hausen, P., & Smith, J. C. (1984). Fates
and states of determination of single vegetal pole blastomeres of X. laevis. Cell, 37 (1), 185–194.
Hikasa, H., Ezan, J., Itoh, K., Li, X., Klymkowsky, M. W., & Sokol,
S. Y. (2010). Regulation of TCF3 by Wnt-dependent phosphorylation during vertebrate axis specif cation. Developmental
Cell, 19 (4), 521–532.
Hoppler, S., & Moon, R. T. (1998). BMP-2/-4 and Wnt-8 cooperatively pattern the Xenopus mesoderm. Mechanisms of
Development, 71 (1–2), 119–129.
Horb, M. E., & Slack, J. M. (2001). Endoderm specif cation and
differentiation in Xenopus embryos. Developmental Biology,
236 (2), 330–343.
Hsu, J., So, M., Tang, C., Karim, A., Porsch, R. M., Wong, C., Yu, M.,
Yeung, F., Xia, H., Zhang, R., Cherny, S. S., Chung, P., Wong,
K., Sham, P. C., Ngo, N. D., Li, M., Tam, P., Lui, V., & GarciaBarcelo, M. M. (2018). De novo mutations in caudal type
homeo box transcription factor 2 (CDX2) in patients with persistent cloaca. Human Molecular Genetics, 27 (2), 351–358.
Hudson, C., Clements, D., Friday, R. V., Stott, D., & Woodland,
H. R. (1997). Xsox17alpha and -beta mediate endoderm formation in Xenopus. Cell, 91 (3), 397–405.
Xenopus
Cerdá-Esteban, N., Naumann, H., Ruzittu, S., Mah, N., Pongrac,
I. M., Cozzitorto, C., Hommel, A., Andrade-Navarro, M. A.,
Bonifacio, E., & Spagnoli, F. M. (2017). Stepwise reprogramming of liver cells to a pancreas progenitor state by the
transcriptional regulator Tgif2. Nature Communications, 8,
14127.
Cha, S. W., Hwang, Y. S., Chae, J. P., Lee, S. Y., Lee, H. S., Daar,
I., Park, M. J., & Kim, J. (2004). Inhibition of FGF signaling
causes expansion of the endoderm in Xenopus. Biochemical
and Biophysical Research Communications, 315 (1), 100–106.
Cha, S. W., Tadjuidje, E., Tao, Q., Wylie, C., & Heasman, J. (2008a).
Wnt5a and Wnt11 interact in a maternal Dkk1-regulated fashion to activate both canonical and non-canonical signaling in
Xenopus axis formation. Development, 135 (22), 3719–3729.
Cha, S. W., Lee, J. W., Hwang, Y. S., Chae, J. P., Park, K. M.,
Cho, H. J., Kim, D. S., Bae, Y. C., & Park, M. J. (2008b).
Spatiotemporal regulation of fbroblast growth factor signal blocking for endoderm formation in Xenopus laevis.
Experimental & Molecular Medicine, 40 (5), 550–557.
Chalmers, A. D., & Slack, J. M. (2000). The Xenopus tadpole gut:
Fate maps and morphogenetic movements. Development,
127 (2), 381–392.
Charney, R. M., Forouzmand, E., Cho, J. S., Cheung, J., Paraiso,
K. D., Yasuoka, Y., Takahashi, S., Taira, M., Blitz, I. L., Xie,
X., & Cho, K. W. (2017a). Foxh1 occupies cis-regulatory
modules prior to dynamic transcription factor interactions
controlling the mesendoderm gene program. Developmental
Cell, 40 (6), 595–607.e4.
Charney, R. M., Paraiso, K. D., Blitz, I. L., & Cho, K. (2017b). A
gene regulatory program controlling early Xenopus mesendoderm formation: Network conservation and motifs. Seminars
in Cell & Developmental Biology, 66, 12–24.
Chen, Y., Pan, F. C., Brandes, N., Afelik, S., Sölter, M., & Pieler,
T. (2004). Retinoic acid signaling is essential for pancreas
development and promotes endocrine at the expense of exocrine cell differentiation in Xenopus. Developmental Biology,
271 (1), 144–160.
Colleypriest, B. J., Farrant, J. M., Slack, J. M., & Tosh, D. (2010).
The role of Cdx2 in Barrett’s metaplasia. Biochemical Society
Transactions, 38 (2), 364–369.
Dale, L., & Slack, J. M. (1987). Fate map for the 32-cell stage of
Xenopus laevis. Development, 99 (4), 527–551.
Damianitsch, K., Melchert, J., & Pieler, T. (2009). XsFRP5
modulates endodermal organogenesis in Xenopus laevis.
Developmental Biology, 329 (2), 327–337.
D’Amour, K. A., Agulnick, A. D., Eliazer, S., Kelly, O. G., Kroon,
E., & Baetge, E. E. (2005). Eff cient differentiation of
human embryonic stem cells to defnitive endoderm. Nature
Biotechnology, 23 (12), 1534–1541.
Davis, A., Amin, N. M., Johnson, C., Bagley, K., Ghashghaei,
H. T., & Nascone-Yoder, N. (2017). Stomach curvature
is generated by left-right asymmetric gut morphogenesis.
Development, 144 (8), 1477–1483.
Deimling, S. J., & Drysdale, T. A. (2011). Fgf is required to regulate anterior-posterior patterning in the Xenopus lateral
plate mesoderm. Mechanisms of Development, 128(7–10),
327–341.
de Jong, E. M., Douben, H., Eussen, B. H., Felix, J. F., Wessels,
M. W., Poddighe, P. J., Nikkels, P. G., de Krijger, R. R.,
Tibboel, D., & de Klein, A. (2010). 5q11.2 deletion in a
patient with tracheal agenesis. European Journal of Human
Genetics: EJHG, 18 (11), 1265–1268.
De Robertis, E. M., & Kuroda, H. (2004). Dorsal-ventral patterning
and neural induction in Xenopus embryos. Annual Review of
Cell and Developmental Biology, 20, 285–308.
Deutsch, G., Jung, J., Zheng, M., Lóra, J., & Zaret, K. S. (2001). A
bipotential precursor population for pancreas and liver within
the embryonic endoderm. Development, 128 (6), 871–881.
Domyan, E. T., Ferretti, E., Throckmorton, K., Mishina, Y., Nicolis,
S. K., & Sun, X. (2011). Signaling through BMP receptors
promotes respiratory identity in the foregut via repression of
Sox2. Development, 138 (5), 971–981.
Dush, M. K., & Nascone-Yoder, N. M. (2019). Vangl2 coordinates
cell rearrangements during gut elongation. Developmental
Dynamics, 248 (7), 569–582.
Edwards, N. A., & Zorn, A. M. (2021). Modeling endoderm
development and disease in Xenopus. Current Topics in
Developmental Biology. Academic Press, ISSN 0070–2153.
https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ctdb.2021.01.001 .
Faas, L., & Isaacs, H. V. (2009). Overlapping functions of Cdx1,
Cdx2, and Cdx4 in the development of the amphibian Xenopus
tropicalis. Developmental Dynamics, 238 (4), 835–852.
Fuentealba, L. C., Eivers, E., Ikeda, A., Hurtado, C., Kuroda, H.,
Pera, E. M., & De Robertis, E. M. (2007). Integrating patterning signals: Wnt/GSK3 regulates the duration of the BMP/
Smad1 signal. Cell, 131 (5), 980–993.
Gentsch, G. E., Owens, N. D., Martin, S. R., Piccinelli, P., Faial, T.,
Trotter, M. W., Gilchrist, M. J., & Smith, J. C. (2013). In vivo
T-box transcription factor profling reveals joint regulation of
embryonic neuromesodermal bipotency. Cell Reports, 4(6),
1185–1196.
Gentsch, G. E., Spruce, T., Owens, N., & Smith, J. C. (2019).
Maternal pluripotency factors initiate extensive chromatin
remodelling to predef ne frst response to inductive signals.
Nature Communications, 10 (1), 4269.
Gere-Becker, M. B., Pommerenke, C., Lingner, T., & Pieler, T.
(2018). Retinoic acid-induced expression of Hnf1b and Fzd4
is required for pancreas development in Xenopus laevis.
Development, 145 (12), dev161372.
Grzymkowski, J., Wyatt, B., & Nascone-Yoder, N. (2020). The
twists and turns of left-right asymmetric gut morphogenesis.
Development, 147 (19), dev187583.
Han, L., Zhang, Z., Wang, H. et al. (2020). Novel MNX1 mutations
and genotype-phenotype analysis of patients with Currarino
syndrome. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 15, 155.
Hardwick, L., & Philpott, A. (2018). Xenopus models of cancer:
Expanding the oncologist’s toolbox. Frontiers in Physiology,
9, 1660.
Heasman, J., Wylie, C. C., Hausen, P., & Smith, J. C. (1984). Fates
and states of determination of single vegetal pole blastomeres of X. laevis. Cell, 37 (1), 185–194.
Hikasa, H., Ezan, J., Itoh, K., Li, X., Klymkowsky, M. W., & Sokol,
S. Y. (2010). Regulation of TCF3 by Wnt-dependent phosphorylation during vertebrate axis specif cation. Developmental
Cell, 19 (4), 521–532.
Hoppler, S., & Moon, R. T. (1998). BMP-2/-4 and Wnt-8 cooperatively pattern the Xenopus mesoderm. Mechanisms of
Development, 71 (1–2), 119–129.
Horb, M. E., & Slack, J. M. (2001). Endoderm specif cation and
differentiation in Xenopus embryos. Developmental Biology,
236 (2), 330–343.
Hsu, J., So, M., Tang, C., Karim, A., Porsch, R. M., Wong, C., Yu, M.,
Yeung, F., Xia, H., Zhang, R., Cherny, S. S., Chung, P., Wong,
K., Sham, P. C., Ngo, N. D., Li, M., Tam, P., Lui, V., & GarciaBarcelo, M. M. (2018). De novo mutations in caudal type
homeo box transcription factor 2 (CDX2) in patients with persistent cloaca. Human Molecular Genetics, 27 (2), 351–358.
Hudson, C., Clements, D., Friday, R. V., Stott, D., & Woodland,
H. R. (1997). Xsox17alpha and -beta mediate endoderm formation in Xenopus. Cell, 91 (3), 397–405.