254
Xenopus
foregutendoderm in patterning the facial skeleton in the
vertebrate head.” Development 129:1071–73. doi: doi.org/
10.1242/dev.129.4.1061.
Couly, G. F., and N. M. Le Douarin. 1987. “Mapping of the early
neural primordium in quail-chick chimeras: II. The prosencephalic neural plate and neural folds: Implications for
the genesis of cephalic human congenital abnormalities.”
Developmental Biology 120:198–214. doi: doi.org/10.
1016/0012–1606(87)90118–7.
Creuzet, S., G. Couly, and N. M. Le Douarin. 2005. “Patterning
the neural crest derivatives during development of the vertebrate head: Insights from avian studies.” Journal of Anatomy
207:447–59. doi: 10.1111/j.1469–7580.2005.00485.x.
Curtin, E., G. Hickey, G. Kamel, et al. 2011. “Zebrafsh wnt9a is
expressed in pharyngeal ectoderm and is required for palate
and lower jaw development.” Mech Dev 128 (1–2):104–15.
doi: 10.1016/j.mod.2010.11.003.
da Costa, M. C., A. G. Trentin, and G. W. Calloni. 2018. “FGF8
and Shh promote the survival and maintenance of multipotent neural crest progenitors.” Mech Dev 154:251–8. doi: 10.
1016/j.mod.2018.07.012.
Devotta, A., H. Juraver-Geslin, J. A. Gonzalez, et al. 2016. “Sf3b4depleted Xenopus embryos: A model to study the pathogenesis of craniofacial defects in Nager syndrome.” Dev Biol 415
(2):371–82. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.02.010.
Dickinson, A. J., and H. L. Sive. 2006. “Development of the primary mouth in Xenopus laevis.” Dev Biol 295 (2):700–13.
doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.03.054.
Dickinson, A., and H. L. Sive. 2007. “Positioning the extreme anterior in Xenopus: Cement gland, primary mouth and anterior
pituitary.” Semin Cell Dev Biol 18 (4):525–33. doi: 10.1016/j.
semcdb.2007.04.002.
Dickinson, A. J., and H. L. Sive. 2009. “The Wnt antagonists
Frzb-1 and Crescent locally regulate basement membrane
dissolution in the developing primary mouth.” Development
136 (7):1071–81. doi: 10.1242/dev.032912.
Duband, J. L. 2006. “Neural-crest-delamination-and-migration.”
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 589. doi:
doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-46954-6_4.
Dubey, A., and J. P. Saint-Jeannet. 2017. “Modeling human craniofacial disorders in Xenopus.” Curr Pathobiol Rep 5 (1):79–
92. doi: 10.1007/s40139-017-0128-8.
Dubourg, C., C. Bendavid, L. Pasquier, et al. 2007. “Holoprosencephaly.”
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2:8. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-2-8.
Eagleson, G., B. Ferreiro, and W. A. Harris. 1995. “Fate of the
anterior neural ridge and the morphogenesis of the xenopus
forebrain.” Developmental Neurobiology 28 (2):146–58. doi:
doi.org/10.1002/neu.480280203.
Eberhart, J. K., M. E. Swartz, J. G. Crump, et al. 2006. “Early
Hedgehog signaling from neural to oral epithelium organizes anterior craniofacial development.” Development 133
(6):1069–77. doi: 10.1242/dev.02281.
Emara, A., and R. Shah. 2021. “Recent update on craniofacial tissue engineering.” Journal of Tissue Engineering 12:1–25.
doi: doi.org/10.1177/20417314211003735.
Finkelstein, J. L., A. J. Layden, and P. J. Stover. 2015. “Vitamin
B-12 and perinatal health.” Adv Nutr 6 (5):552–63. doi:
10.3945/an.115.008201.
Fish, J. L. 2019. “Evolvability of the vertebrate craniofacial
skeleton.” Semin Cell Dev Biol 91:13–22. doi: 10.1016/j.
semcdb.2017.12.004.
Flaherty, K., N. Singh, and J. T. Richtsmeier. 2016. “Understanding
craniosynostosis as a growth disorder.” Wiley Interdiscip Rev
Dev Biol 5 (4):429–59. doi: 10.1002/wdev.227.
Flores, R. L., H. Liss, S. Raffaelli, et al. 2017. “The technique for
3D printing patient-specifc models for auricular reconstruction.” J Craniomaxillofac Surg 45 (6):937–43. doi: 10.1016/j.
jcms.2017.03.022.
Fry, A. E., T. D. Cushion, and D. T. Pilz. 2014. “The genetics of
lissencephaly.” Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 166C
(2):198–210. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31402.
Gavalas, A, P. A. Trainor, L. Ariza-MaNaughton, et al. 2001.
“Synergy betweeen Hoxa1 and Hoxb1: The relationship
between arch patterning and the generation of cranial neurla
crest.” Development 128:3017–27.
Gebuijs, I. G. E., S. T. Raterman, J. R. Metz, et al. 2019. “Fgf8a
mutation affects craniofacial development and skeletal
gene expression in zebrafsh larvae.” Biol Open 8 (9). doi:
10.1242/bio.039834.
Gilbert, S. F. 2010. Developmental biology. 9th ed. Sunderland,
MA: Sinauer Associates.
Gouignard, N., M. Maccarana, I. Strate, et al. 2016.
“Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and neurocristopathies: Dermatan sulfate is required for Xenopus
neural crest cells to migrate and adhere to f bronectin.” Dis
Model Mech 9 (6):607–20. doi: 10.1242/dmm.024661.
Green, S. A., M. Simoes-Costa, and M. E. Bronner. 2015.
“Evolution of vertebrates as viewed from the crest.” Nature
520 (7548):474–82. doi: 10.1038/nature14436.
Greenwood, J., P. Flodman, K. Osann, et al. 2014. “Familial incidence and associated symptoms in a population of individuals with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis.” Genet Med 16
(4):302–10. doi: 10.1038/gim.2013.134.
Griffn, M., D. M. Kalaskar, P. E. Butler, et al. 2014. “The use of
adipose stem cells in cranial facial surgery.” Stem Cell Rev
Rep 10 (5):671–85. doi: 10.1007/s12015-014-9522-3.
Guo, X., T. Zhang, Z. Hu, et al. 2014. “Eff cient RNA/Cas9-mediated
genome editing in Xenopus tropicalis.” Development 141
(3):707–14. doi: 10.1242/dev.099853.
Hollister, S. J., C. Y. Lin, E. Saito, et al. 2005. “Engineering
craniofacial scaffolds.” Orthod Craniofac Res 8 (3). doi:
10.1111/j.1601–6343.2005.00329.x.
Houssin, N. S., N. K. Bharathan, S. D. Turner, et al. 2017. “Role of
JNK during buccopharyngeal membrane perforation, the last
step of embryonic mouth formation.” Dev Dyn 246 (2):100–
15. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.24470.
Huh, S. H., and D. M. Ornitz. 2010. “Beta-catenin def ciency
causes DiGeorge syndrome-like phenotypes through regulation of Tbx1.” Development 137 (7):1137–47. doi: 10.1242/
dev.045534.
Hwang, W. Y., J. Marquez, and M. K. Khokha. 2019. “Xenopus:
Driving the discovery of novel genes in patient disease
and their underlying pathological mechanisms relevant for
organogenesis.” Front Physiol 10:953. doi: 10.3389/fphys.
2019.00953.
Jacox, L. A., J. Chen, A. Rothman, et al. 2016. “Formation of a
“pre-mouth array” from the extreme anterior domain is
directed by neural crest and Wnt/PCP signaling.” Cell Rep
16 (5):1445–55. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.06.073.
Jacox, L. A., A. J. Dickinson, and H. Sive. 2014. “Facial transplants in Xenopus laevis embryos.” J Vis Exp (85). doi:
10.3791/50697.
Jacox, L. A., R. Sindelka, J. Chen, et al. 2014. “The extreme anterior domain is an essential craniofacial organizer acting
through Kinin-Kallikrein signaling.” Cell Rep 8 (2):596–609.
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.06.026.
Jandzik, D., M. B. Hawkins, M. V. Cattell, et al. 2014. “Roles
for FGF in lamprey pharyngeal pouch formation and
Xenopus
foregutendoderm in patterning the facial skeleton in the
vertebrate head.” Development 129:1071–73. doi: doi.org/
10.1242/dev.129.4.1061.
Couly, G. F., and N. M. Le Douarin. 1987. “Mapping of the early
neural primordium in quail-chick chimeras: II. The prosencephalic neural plate and neural folds: Implications for
the genesis of cephalic human congenital abnormalities.”
Developmental Biology 120:198–214. doi: doi.org/10.
1016/0012–1606(87)90118–7.
Creuzet, S., G. Couly, and N. M. Le Douarin. 2005. “Patterning
the neural crest derivatives during development of the vertebrate head: Insights from avian studies.” Journal of Anatomy
207:447–59. doi: 10.1111/j.1469–7580.2005.00485.x.
Curtin, E., G. Hickey, G. Kamel, et al. 2011. “Zebrafsh wnt9a is
expressed in pharyngeal ectoderm and is required for palate
and lower jaw development.” Mech Dev 128 (1–2):104–15.
doi: 10.1016/j.mod.2010.11.003.
da Costa, M. C., A. G. Trentin, and G. W. Calloni. 2018. “FGF8
and Shh promote the survival and maintenance of multipotent neural crest progenitors.” Mech Dev 154:251–8. doi: 10.
1016/j.mod.2018.07.012.
Devotta, A., H. Juraver-Geslin, J. A. Gonzalez, et al. 2016. “Sf3b4depleted Xenopus embryos: A model to study the pathogenesis of craniofacial defects in Nager syndrome.” Dev Biol 415
(2):371–82. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.02.010.
Dickinson, A. J., and H. L. Sive. 2006. “Development of the primary mouth in Xenopus laevis.” Dev Biol 295 (2):700–13.
doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.03.054.
Dickinson, A., and H. L. Sive. 2007. “Positioning the extreme anterior in Xenopus: Cement gland, primary mouth and anterior
pituitary.” Semin Cell Dev Biol 18 (4):525–33. doi: 10.1016/j.
semcdb.2007.04.002.
Dickinson, A. J., and H. L. Sive. 2009. “The Wnt antagonists
Frzb-1 and Crescent locally regulate basement membrane
dissolution in the developing primary mouth.” Development
136 (7):1071–81. doi: 10.1242/dev.032912.
Duband, J. L. 2006. “Neural-crest-delamination-and-migration.”
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 589. doi:
doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-46954-6_4.
Dubey, A., and J. P. Saint-Jeannet. 2017. “Modeling human craniofacial disorders in Xenopus.” Curr Pathobiol Rep 5 (1):79–
92. doi: 10.1007/s40139-017-0128-8.
Dubourg, C., C. Bendavid, L. Pasquier, et al. 2007. “Holoprosencephaly.”
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2:8. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-2-8.
Eagleson, G., B. Ferreiro, and W. A. Harris. 1995. “Fate of the
anterior neural ridge and the morphogenesis of the xenopus
forebrain.” Developmental Neurobiology 28 (2):146–58. doi:
doi.org/10.1002/neu.480280203.
Eberhart, J. K., M. E. Swartz, J. G. Crump, et al. 2006. “Early
Hedgehog signaling from neural to oral epithelium organizes anterior craniofacial development.” Development 133
(6):1069–77. doi: 10.1242/dev.02281.
Emara, A., and R. Shah. 2021. “Recent update on craniofacial tissue engineering.” Journal of Tissue Engineering 12:1–25.
doi: doi.org/10.1177/20417314211003735.
Finkelstein, J. L., A. J. Layden, and P. J. Stover. 2015. “Vitamin
B-12 and perinatal health.” Adv Nutr 6 (5):552–63. doi:
10.3945/an.115.008201.
Fish, J. L. 2019. “Evolvability of the vertebrate craniofacial
skeleton.” Semin Cell Dev Biol 91:13–22. doi: 10.1016/j.
semcdb.2017.12.004.
Flaherty, K., N. Singh, and J. T. Richtsmeier. 2016. “Understanding
craniosynostosis as a growth disorder.” Wiley Interdiscip Rev
Dev Biol 5 (4):429–59. doi: 10.1002/wdev.227.
Flores, R. L., H. Liss, S. Raffaelli, et al. 2017. “The technique for
3D printing patient-specifc models for auricular reconstruction.” J Craniomaxillofac Surg 45 (6):937–43. doi: 10.1016/j.
jcms.2017.03.022.
Fry, A. E., T. D. Cushion, and D. T. Pilz. 2014. “The genetics of
lissencephaly.” Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet 166C
(2):198–210. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31402.
Gavalas, A, P. A. Trainor, L. Ariza-MaNaughton, et al. 2001.
“Synergy betweeen Hoxa1 and Hoxb1: The relationship
between arch patterning and the generation of cranial neurla
crest.” Development 128:3017–27.
Gebuijs, I. G. E., S. T. Raterman, J. R. Metz, et al. 2019. “Fgf8a
mutation affects craniofacial development and skeletal
gene expression in zebrafsh larvae.” Biol Open 8 (9). doi:
10.1242/bio.039834.
Gilbert, S. F. 2010. Developmental biology. 9th ed. Sunderland,
MA: Sinauer Associates.
Gouignard, N., M. Maccarana, I. Strate, et al. 2016.
“Musculocontractural Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and neurocristopathies: Dermatan sulfate is required for Xenopus
neural crest cells to migrate and adhere to f bronectin.” Dis
Model Mech 9 (6):607–20. doi: 10.1242/dmm.024661.
Green, S. A., M. Simoes-Costa, and M. E. Bronner. 2015.
“Evolution of vertebrates as viewed from the crest.” Nature
520 (7548):474–82. doi: 10.1038/nature14436.
Greenwood, J., P. Flodman, K. Osann, et al. 2014. “Familial incidence and associated symptoms in a population of individuals with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis.” Genet Med 16
(4):302–10. doi: 10.1038/gim.2013.134.
Griffn, M., D. M. Kalaskar, P. E. Butler, et al. 2014. “The use of
adipose stem cells in cranial facial surgery.” Stem Cell Rev
Rep 10 (5):671–85. doi: 10.1007/s12015-014-9522-3.
Guo, X., T. Zhang, Z. Hu, et al. 2014. “Eff cient RNA/Cas9-mediated
genome editing in Xenopus tropicalis.” Development 141
(3):707–14. doi: 10.1242/dev.099853.
Hollister, S. J., C. Y. Lin, E. Saito, et al. 2005. “Engineering
craniofacial scaffolds.” Orthod Craniofac Res 8 (3). doi:
10.1111/j.1601–6343.2005.00329.x.
Houssin, N. S., N. K. Bharathan, S. D. Turner, et al. 2017. “Role of
JNK during buccopharyngeal membrane perforation, the last
step of embryonic mouth formation.” Dev Dyn 246 (2):100–
15. doi: 10.1002/dvdy.24470.
Huh, S. H., and D. M. Ornitz. 2010. “Beta-catenin def ciency
causes DiGeorge syndrome-like phenotypes through regulation of Tbx1.” Development 137 (7):1137–47. doi: 10.1242/
dev.045534.
Hwang, W. Y., J. Marquez, and M. K. Khokha. 2019. “Xenopus:
Driving the discovery of novel genes in patient disease
and their underlying pathological mechanisms relevant for
organogenesis.” Front Physiol 10:953. doi: 10.3389/fphys.
2019.00953.
Jacox, L. A., J. Chen, A. Rothman, et al. 2016. “Formation of a
“pre-mouth array” from the extreme anterior domain is
directed by neural crest and Wnt/PCP signaling.” Cell Rep
16 (5):1445–55. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.06.073.
Jacox, L. A., A. J. Dickinson, and H. Sive. 2014. “Facial transplants in Xenopus laevis embryos.” J Vis Exp (85). doi:
10.3791/50697.
Jacox, L. A., R. Sindelka, J. Chen, et al. 2014. “The extreme anterior domain is an essential craniofacial organizer acting
through Kinin-Kallikrein signaling.” Cell Rep 8 (2):596–609.
doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.06.026.
Jandzik, D., M. B. Hawkins, M. V. Cattell, et al. 2014. “Roles
for FGF in lamprey pharyngeal pouch formation and