137
Evolution of the Vertebrate Neural Crest
anterior domain is directed by neural crest and Wnt/PCP signaling.” Cell Reports 16 (5): 1445–1455.
Jandzik, D., A. T. Garnett, T. A. Square, M. V. Cattell, J. K. Yu
and D. M. Medeiros (2015). “Evolution of the new vertebrate
head by co-option of an ancient chordate skeletal tissue.”
Nature 518 (7540): 534–537.
Kakebeen, A. and A. Wills (2019). “Advancing genetic and genomic
technologies deepen the pool for discovery in Xenopus tropicalis.” Developmental Dynamics 248 (8): 620–625.
Kalkan, T., Y. Iwasaki, C. Y. Park and G. H. Thomsen (2009).
“TRAF4 is a positive regulator of TGFβ signaling that affects
neural crest formation.” Molecular Biology of the Cell 20:
3436–3450.
Kastschenko, N. (1888). “Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des selachierembryos.” Anatomischer Anzeiger 3 : 445–467.
Kawasaki-Nishihara, A., D. Nishihara, H. Nakamura and H. Yamamoto
(2011). “ET3/Ednrb2 signaling is critically involved in regulating melanophore migration in Xenopus.” Developmental
Dynamics 240 (6): 1454–1466.
Kee, Y. and M. Bronner-Fraser (2005). “To proliferate or to die:
Role of Id3 in cell cycle progression and survival of neural
crest progenitors.” Genes & Development 19 (6): 744–755.
Kerney, R., J. B. Gross and J. Hanken (2007). “Runx2 is essential
for larval hyobranchial cartilage formation in Xenopus laevis.” Developmental Dynamics 236 (6): 1650–1662.
Kerney, R., B. K. Hall and J. Hanken (2010). “Regulatory elements
of Xenopus col2a1 drive cartilaginous gene expression in
transgenic frogs.” International Journal of Developmental
Biology 54 (1): 141.
Khadka, D., T. Luo and T. D. Sargent (2003). “Msx1 and Msx2 have
shared essential functions in neural crest but may be dispensable in epidermis and axis formation in Xenopus.” International
Journal of Developmental Biology 50 (5): 499–502.
Klymkowsky, M., C. Cortez Rossi and K. B. Artinger (2010).
“Mechanisms driving neural crest induction and migration in the zebrafsh and Xenopus laevis.” Cell Adhesion &
Migration 4 (4): 595–608.
Krotoski, D. M., S. E. Fraser and M. Bronner-Fraser (1988).
“Mapping of neural crest pathways in Xenopus laevis using
inter-and intra-specifc cell markers.” Developmental Biology
127 (1): 119–132.
Kuo, J. S., M. Patel, J. Gamse, C. Merzdorf, X. Liu, V. Apekin and
H. Sive (1998). “Opl: A zinc fnger protein that regulates neural determination and patterning in Xenopus.” Development
125 (15): 2867–2882.
Kurata, T. and N. Ueno (2003). “Xenopus Nbx, a novel NK-1 related
gene essential for neural crest formation.” Developmental
Biology 257 (1): 30–40.
Kurauchi, T., Y. Izutsu and M. Maéno (2010). “Involvement of
Neptune in induction of the hatching gland and neural crest
in the Xenopus embryo.” Differentiation 79 (4–5): 251–259.
Kuriyama, S., G. Lupo, K. Ohta, S.-I. Ohnuma, W. A. Harris and H.
Tanaka (2006). “Tsukushi controls ectodermal patterning and
neural crest specifcation in Xenopus by direct regulation of
BMP4 and X-delta-1 activity.” Development 133 (1): 75–88.
LaBonne, C. and M. Bronner-Fraser (1998). “Neural crest induction
in Xenopus: Evidence for a two-signal model.” Development
125 (13): 2403–2414.
LaBonne, C. and M. Bronner-Fraser (2000). “Snail-related transcriptional repressors are required in Xenopus for both the
induction of the neural crest and its subsequent migration.”
Developmental Biology 221 (1): 195–205.
LaBonne, C. and A. M. Zorn (2015). “Modeling human development and disease in Xenopus.” Developmental Biology
408 (2): 179.
Lamb, T. M., A. K. Knecht, W. C. Smith, S. E. Stachel, A. N.
Economides, N. Stahl, G. D. Yancopolous and R. M. Harland
(1993). “Neural induction by the secreted polypeptide noggin.” Science 262 (5134): 713–718.
Lander, R., T. Nasr, S. D. Ochoa, K. Nordin, M. S. Prasad and C.
LaBonne (2013). “Interactions between Twist and other core epithelial: Mesenchymal transition factors are controlled by GSK3mediated phosphorylation.” Nature Communications 4 (1): 1–11.
Lander, R., K. Nordin and C. LaBonne (2011). “The F-box protein
Ppa is a common regulator of core EMT factors Twist, Snail,
Slug, and Sip1.” Journal of Cell Biology 194 (1): 17–25.
Langer, E. M., Y. Feng, H. Zhaoyuan, F. J. Rauscher III, K. L. Kroll
and G. D. Longmore (2008). “Ajuba LIM proteins are snail/
slug corepressors required for neural crest development in
Xenopus.” Developmental Cell 14 (3): 424–436.
Langhe, R. P., T. Gudzenko, M. Bachmann, S. F. Becker, C.
Gonnermann, C. Winter, G. Abbruzzese, D. Alfandari, M.-C.
Kratzer and C. M. Franz (2016). “Cadherin-11 localizes
to focal adhesions and promotes cell: Substrate adhesion.”
Nature Communications 7 (1): 1–10.
Le Douarin, N. M. and E. Dupin (2014). The neural crest, a fourth
germ layer of the vertebrate embryo: Signifcance in chordate
evolution. Neural Crest Cells, Elsevier: 3–26.
Le Douarin, N. M. and F. V. Jotereau (1975). “Tracing of cells of the
avian thymus through embryonic life in interspecif c chimeras.” The Journal of Experimental Medicine 142 (1): 17–40.
Le Douarin, N. M. and C. Kalcheim (1999). The neural crest. New
York, Cambridge University Press.
Le Douarin, N. M. and M.-A. M. Teillet (1974). “Experimental
analysis of the migration and differentiation of neuroblasts of
the autonomic nervous system and of neurectodermal mesenchymal derivatives, using a biological cell marking technique.” Developmental Biology 41 (1): 162–184.
Lee, P.-C., K. M. Taylor-Jaffe, K. M. Nordin, M. S. Prasad, R. M.
Lander and C. LaBonne (2012). “SUMOylated SoxE factors
recruit Grg4 and function as transcriptional repressors in the
neural crest.” Journal of Cell Biology 198 (5): 799–813.
Lee, Y.-H., Y. Aoki, C.-S. Hong, N. Saint-Germain, C. Credidio
and J.-P. Saint-Jeannet (2004). “Early requirement of the
transcriptional activator Sox9 for neural crest specif cation in
Xenopus.” Developmental Biology 275 (1): 93–103.
Levi, G., B. M. Gumbiner and J. P. Thiery (1991). “The distribution of E-cadherin during Xenopus laevis development.”
Development 111 (1): 159–169.
Li, B., S. Kuriyama, M. Moreno and R. Mayor (2009). “The posteriorizing gene Gbx2 is a direct target of Wnt signalling and
the earliest factor in neural crest induction.” Development
136 (19): 3267–3278.
Li, C., R. Hu, N. Hou, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, T. Yang, Y. Gu, M. He,
Y. Shi and J. Chen (2018). “Alteration of the retinoid acidCBP signaling pathway in neural crest induction contributes
to enteric nervous system disorder.” Frontiers in Pediatrics
6 : 382.
Li, J., M. Perfetto, C. Materna, R. Li, H. T. Tran, K. Vleminckx,
M. K. Duncan and S. Wei (2019). “A new transgenic reporter
line reveals Wnt-dependent Snai2 re-expression and cranial
neural crest differentiation in Xenopus.” Scientif c Reports
9 (1): 1–14.
Li, J., Y. Shi, J. Sun, Y. Zhang and B. Mao (2011). “Xenopus
reduced folate carrier regulates neural crest development epigenetically.” PLoS One 6 (11): e27198.
Li, Y., F. M. Vieceli, W. G. Gonzalez, A. Li, W. Tang, C. Lois and
M. E. Bronner (2019). “In vivo quantitative imaging provides insights into trunk neural crest migration.” Cell Reports
26(6): 1489–1500. e1483.
Evolution of the Vertebrate Neural Crest
anterior domain is directed by neural crest and Wnt/PCP signaling.” Cell Reports 16 (5): 1445–1455.
Jandzik, D., A. T. Garnett, T. A. Square, M. V. Cattell, J. K. Yu
and D. M. Medeiros (2015). “Evolution of the new vertebrate
head by co-option of an ancient chordate skeletal tissue.”
Nature 518 (7540): 534–537.
Kakebeen, A. and A. Wills (2019). “Advancing genetic and genomic
technologies deepen the pool for discovery in Xenopus tropicalis.” Developmental Dynamics 248 (8): 620–625.
Kalkan, T., Y. Iwasaki, C. Y. Park and G. H. Thomsen (2009).
“TRAF4 is a positive regulator of TGFβ signaling that affects
neural crest formation.” Molecular Biology of the Cell 20:
3436–3450.
Kastschenko, N. (1888). “Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte des selachierembryos.” Anatomischer Anzeiger 3 : 445–467.
Kawasaki-Nishihara, A., D. Nishihara, H. Nakamura and H. Yamamoto
(2011). “ET3/Ednrb2 signaling is critically involved in regulating melanophore migration in Xenopus.” Developmental
Dynamics 240 (6): 1454–1466.
Kee, Y. and M. Bronner-Fraser (2005). “To proliferate or to die:
Role of Id3 in cell cycle progression and survival of neural
crest progenitors.” Genes & Development 19 (6): 744–755.
Kerney, R., J. B. Gross and J. Hanken (2007). “Runx2 is essential
for larval hyobranchial cartilage formation in Xenopus laevis.” Developmental Dynamics 236 (6): 1650–1662.
Kerney, R., B. K. Hall and J. Hanken (2010). “Regulatory elements
of Xenopus col2a1 drive cartilaginous gene expression in
transgenic frogs.” International Journal of Developmental
Biology 54 (1): 141.
Khadka, D., T. Luo and T. D. Sargent (2003). “Msx1 and Msx2 have
shared essential functions in neural crest but may be dispensable in epidermis and axis formation in Xenopus.” International
Journal of Developmental Biology 50 (5): 499–502.
Klymkowsky, M., C. Cortez Rossi and K. B. Artinger (2010).
“Mechanisms driving neural crest induction and migration in the zebrafsh and Xenopus laevis.” Cell Adhesion &
Migration 4 (4): 595–608.
Krotoski, D. M., S. E. Fraser and M. Bronner-Fraser (1988).
“Mapping of neural crest pathways in Xenopus laevis using
inter-and intra-specifc cell markers.” Developmental Biology
127 (1): 119–132.
Kuo, J. S., M. Patel, J. Gamse, C. Merzdorf, X. Liu, V. Apekin and
H. Sive (1998). “Opl: A zinc fnger protein that regulates neural determination and patterning in Xenopus.” Development
125 (15): 2867–2882.
Kurata, T. and N. Ueno (2003). “Xenopus Nbx, a novel NK-1 related
gene essential for neural crest formation.” Developmental
Biology 257 (1): 30–40.
Kurauchi, T., Y. Izutsu and M. Maéno (2010). “Involvement of
Neptune in induction of the hatching gland and neural crest
in the Xenopus embryo.” Differentiation 79 (4–5): 251–259.
Kuriyama, S., G. Lupo, K. Ohta, S.-I. Ohnuma, W. A. Harris and H.
Tanaka (2006). “Tsukushi controls ectodermal patterning and
neural crest specifcation in Xenopus by direct regulation of
BMP4 and X-delta-1 activity.” Development 133 (1): 75–88.
LaBonne, C. and M. Bronner-Fraser (1998). “Neural crest induction
in Xenopus: Evidence for a two-signal model.” Development
125 (13): 2403–2414.
LaBonne, C. and M. Bronner-Fraser (2000). “Snail-related transcriptional repressors are required in Xenopus for both the
induction of the neural crest and its subsequent migration.”
Developmental Biology 221 (1): 195–205.
LaBonne, C. and A. M. Zorn (2015). “Modeling human development and disease in Xenopus.” Developmental Biology
408 (2): 179.
Lamb, T. M., A. K. Knecht, W. C. Smith, S. E. Stachel, A. N.
Economides, N. Stahl, G. D. Yancopolous and R. M. Harland
(1993). “Neural induction by the secreted polypeptide noggin.” Science 262 (5134): 713–718.
Lander, R., T. Nasr, S. D. Ochoa, K. Nordin, M. S. Prasad and C.
LaBonne (2013). “Interactions between Twist and other core epithelial: Mesenchymal transition factors are controlled by GSK3mediated phosphorylation.” Nature Communications 4 (1): 1–11.
Lander, R., K. Nordin and C. LaBonne (2011). “The F-box protein
Ppa is a common regulator of core EMT factors Twist, Snail,
Slug, and Sip1.” Journal of Cell Biology 194 (1): 17–25.
Langer, E. M., Y. Feng, H. Zhaoyuan, F. J. Rauscher III, K. L. Kroll
and G. D. Longmore (2008). “Ajuba LIM proteins are snail/
slug corepressors required for neural crest development in
Xenopus.” Developmental Cell 14 (3): 424–436.
Langhe, R. P., T. Gudzenko, M. Bachmann, S. F. Becker, C.
Gonnermann, C. Winter, G. Abbruzzese, D. Alfandari, M.-C.
Kratzer and C. M. Franz (2016). “Cadherin-11 localizes
to focal adhesions and promotes cell: Substrate adhesion.”
Nature Communications 7 (1): 1–10.
Le Douarin, N. M. and E. Dupin (2014). The neural crest, a fourth
germ layer of the vertebrate embryo: Signifcance in chordate
evolution. Neural Crest Cells, Elsevier: 3–26.
Le Douarin, N. M. and F. V. Jotereau (1975). “Tracing of cells of the
avian thymus through embryonic life in interspecif c chimeras.” The Journal of Experimental Medicine 142 (1): 17–40.
Le Douarin, N. M. and C. Kalcheim (1999). The neural crest. New
York, Cambridge University Press.
Le Douarin, N. M. and M.-A. M. Teillet (1974). “Experimental
analysis of the migration and differentiation of neuroblasts of
the autonomic nervous system and of neurectodermal mesenchymal derivatives, using a biological cell marking technique.” Developmental Biology 41 (1): 162–184.
Lee, P.-C., K. M. Taylor-Jaffe, K. M. Nordin, M. S. Prasad, R. M.
Lander and C. LaBonne (2012). “SUMOylated SoxE factors
recruit Grg4 and function as transcriptional repressors in the
neural crest.” Journal of Cell Biology 198 (5): 799–813.
Lee, Y.-H., Y. Aoki, C.-S. Hong, N. Saint-Germain, C. Credidio
and J.-P. Saint-Jeannet (2004). “Early requirement of the
transcriptional activator Sox9 for neural crest specif cation in
Xenopus.” Developmental Biology 275 (1): 93–103.
Levi, G., B. M. Gumbiner and J. P. Thiery (1991). “The distribution of E-cadherin during Xenopus laevis development.”
Development 111 (1): 159–169.
Li, B., S. Kuriyama, M. Moreno and R. Mayor (2009). “The posteriorizing gene Gbx2 is a direct target of Wnt signalling and
the earliest factor in neural crest induction.” Development
136 (19): 3267–3278.
Li, C., R. Hu, N. Hou, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, T. Yang, Y. Gu, M. He,
Y. Shi and J. Chen (2018). “Alteration of the retinoid acidCBP signaling pathway in neural crest induction contributes
to enteric nervous system disorder.” Frontiers in Pediatrics
6 : 382.
Li, J., M. Perfetto, C. Materna, R. Li, H. T. Tran, K. Vleminckx,
M. K. Duncan and S. Wei (2019). “A new transgenic reporter
line reveals Wnt-dependent Snai2 re-expression and cranial
neural crest differentiation in Xenopus.” Scientif c Reports
9 (1): 1–14.
Li, J., Y. Shi, J. Sun, Y. Zhang and B. Mao (2011). “Xenopus
reduced folate carrier regulates neural crest development epigenetically.” PLoS One 6 (11): e27198.
Li, Y., F. M. Vieceli, W. G. Gonzalez, A. Li, W. Tang, C. Lois and
M. E. Bronner (2019). “In vivo quantitative imaging provides insights into trunk neural crest migration.” Cell Reports
26(6): 1489–1500. e1483.