418
Chemical Oceanography, 4th Edition
carbonyl bonds. Glucose and fructose were found to be the dominant monosaccharides in
seawater (Mopper and Stahovec, 1986). Carbohydrates are also an important component of
POM in the oceans.
Benner et al. (1992) have used tangential- flow ultrafiltration to recover milligrams of
DOM with a molecular weight greater than 1000 from 10, 765, and 4000 m in the North
Pacific. The sample represented 22 to 33% of the DOM and included essentially all the colloidal material. They found that the isolates were quite high in polysaccharides (50%) in
5000
4000
3000
2000
Clay
Depth (m)
Depth (m)
CaCO 3
Opal Organic
Clay
CaCO 3
Opal Organic
1000
1000
0
2000
3000
4000
5000
0
0
20
40
Particulate Matter in the Pacific (%)
Particulate Matter in the Atlantic (%)
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
Figure 9.45
Particulate matter in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
Table 9.10
Some Organic Compounds Found
in the Oceans
Compound
Formula
Carbohydrates
C n (H 2 O) m
Amino acids
R–CH–COOH
|
NH 2
Hydrocarbons
C n H m
Carboxylic acids
R–COOH
Humic substances
Phenolic?
Steroids