168
Chemical Oceanography, 4th Edition
Table 4.10
The Fraction of Free Metals and the Dominant Forms in Fresh and Seawater
Cation
Free
OH
F
Cl
SO 4
CO 3
Log α
Freshwater at pH = 6
Ag +
72
a
a
28
a
a
0.15
Al 3+
a
90
10
—
—
a
3.14
Au+
a
—
—
100
—
—
6.08
Au 3+
a
100
—
a
—
—
21.98
Ba 2+
99
a
a
a
1
a
0.01
Be 2+
15
57
28
a
a
a
0.82
Bi 3+
a
100
a
a
a
—
9.08
Cd 2+
96
a
a
2
2
a
0.02
Ce 3+
72
a
3
a
22
3
0.14
Co 2+
98
a
a
a
2
a
0.01
Cr 3+
a
98
a
a
1
—
2.41
Ca 2+
100
—
0
a
—
—
0.00
Cu+
95
0
0
5
0
0
0.02
Cu 2+
93
1
a
a
2
4
0.03
Dy 3+
65
1
6
a
21
7
0.19
Er 3+
63
1
7
a
19
10
0.20
Eu 3+
71
1
3
a
21
4
0.15
Fe 2+
99
a
a
a
1
a
0.01
Fe 3+
a
100
a
a
a
a
6.41
Ga 3+
a
100
a
a
—
a
7.80
Gd 3+
63
1
5
a
22
9
0.20
Hf 4+
a
100
a
a
a
a
13.28
Hg 2+
a
8
a
92
a
a
6.88
Ho 3+
65
1
7
a
19
8
0.19
In 3+
a
100
a
a
a
a
5.53
La 3+
73
a
1
a
25
1
0.14
Li 3+
100
a
—
0
a
0
0.00
Lu 3+
59
1
8
a
15
17
0.23
Mn 2+
98
a
a
a
2
a
0.01
Nd 3+
70
1
3
a
24
3
0.15
Ni 2+
98
a
a
a
2
a
0.01
Pb 2+
86
2
a
1
4
7
0.06
Pr 3+
72
1
2
a
23
2
0.14
Rb +
100
—
—
a
—
—
0.00
Sc 3+
a
43
41
a
a
15
2.80
Sm 3+
68
1
3
a
25
4
0.17
Sn 4+
a
100
—
—
—
—
24.35
Tb 3+
67
1
6
a
22
4
0.18
Th 4+
a
100
a
a
a
a
7.94
TiO 2+b
a
100
—
—
a
—
7.17
Tl +
100
a
a
a
a
—
0.00
Tl 3+
a
100
—
a
a
—
14.62
Tm 3+
66
1
8
a
20
6
0.18