124
Chemical Oceanography, 4th Edition
(see Figure 3.34). The value of τ R = 1000 revolutions per million years is the stirring revolution of the ocean, which is assumed to be 2000 million years old and in a steady state.
Turner et al. (1981) also showed that the values of the partition coefficients K Y were
related to the electronegativity of the elements Q YO by
log K Y = –1.55 Q YO + 3.69
(3.15)
where the electronegativity is given in electron volts (eV).
Gas
H 2 O (g)
Liquid
H + , K
+ , Cl
– , H 2 O (l)
Solid
SiO 2
Kaolinite
K-mica
Figure 3.33
Sillén ion exchange model.
Table 3.12
Concentration of Various Components of the Geochemical Cycle
of the Oceans
Component
Rock
Volatile
Air
SW
Sediments
H 2 O
—
54.90
—
54.90
—
Cl(HCl)
—
0.94
—
0.55
0.40
Na(NaO .5 , NaOH)
1.47
—
—
0.47
1.00
Ca(CaO, Ca(OH) 2 )
1.09
—
—
0.01
1.08
Mg(MgO, Mg(OH) 2 )
0.87
—
—
0.05
0.82
K(KO .5 , KOH)
0.79
—
—
0.01
0.78
Si(SiO 2 )
12.25
—
—
—
12.25
Al(AlO 1.5 , Al(OH) 3 )
3.55
—
—
—
3.55
C(CO 2 )
0.03
1.05
—
0.002
1.08
C(s)
—
1.01
—
—
1.01
O 2
—
0.022
0.022
—
—
Fe(FeO, Fe(OH) 2 )
0.52
—
—
—
0.53
(FeO 1.5 , FeOH)
0.38
—
—
—
0.38
Ti(TiO 2 )
0.12
—
—
—
0.12
S
0.02
0.06
—
0.03
0.05
F(HF)
0.05
—
—
—
0.05
P(PO 2.5 ,H 3 PO 4 )
0.04
—
—
—
0.04
Mn(MnO 1 to 2 )
0.05
—
—
—
0.05
N 2
—
0.082
0.082
—
—