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boundary condition for the salinity balance and
thermohaline circulation forced by evaporation and
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[2.3, 7.2]
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the oceanic thermohaline circulation. J. Phys.
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Huang, R. X. and R. L. Chou, 1994: Parameter sensitivity study of the saline circulation. Climate Dyn.
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Huang, R. X. and J. Pedlosky, 1999: Climate
variability inferred from a layered model of the
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779–790. [4.4, 5.3, 7.3]
Huang, R. X. and B. Qiu, 1994: Three-dimensional
structure of the wind-driven circulation in the subtropical North Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 24,
1608–1622. [5.3]
Huang, R. X. and S. Russell, 1995: Ventilation of the
subtropical North Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 24,
2589–2605. [5.3]
Huang, R. X. and R. W. Schmitt, 1993: The
Goldsbrough-Stommel circulation of the world
oceans. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 23, 1277–1284. [6.2]
Hudson, J. G., Y. H. Xie and S. S. Yum, 1998:
Vertical distributions of cloud condensation nuclei
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J. Geophys. Res. (submitted). [5.8]
Holfort, J. and G. Siedler, 1997: The heat and
mass transport in the South Atlantic. International
WOCE Newsletter, No. 28, 3–5, WOCE International Project Office (unpublished document). [6.2]
Holfort, J. and G. Siedler, 2001: The meridional
oceanic transports of heat and nutrients in the
South Atlantic. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 31, 5–29. [4.7,
6.1, 7.1]
Holfort, J., K. M. Johnson, B. Schneider, G. Siedler
and D. W . R. Wallace, 1998: Meridional transport
of dissolved inorganic carbon in the South
Atlantic Ocean. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles 12,
479–499. [6.3]
Holfort, J., M. Vanicek and G. Siedler, 2000: What
causes long-term temporal changes in the South
Atlantic? Geophys. Res. Lett. 27(B), 1187–1190.
[7.3]
Holland, M. M., J. A. Curry and J. L. Schramm,
1997: Modelling the thermodynamics of a sea ice
thickness distribution. 2. Sea ice/ocean interactions. J. Geophys. Res. 102, 23093–23107. [1.2]
Holland, W. R., 1978: The role of mesoscale eddies
in the general circulation of the ocean – numerical
experiments using a wind-driven quasigeostrophic
model. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 8, 363–392. [2.1,
7.2]
Holland, W. R. and L. B. Lin, 1975: On the generation of mesoscale eddies and their contribution to
the oceanic general circulation. Parts I and II.
J. Phys. Oceanogr. 5, 642–669. [2.2]
Holliday, N. P. and P. C. Reid, 2001: Is there a connection between high transport of water through
the Rockall Trough and ecological changes in
the North Sea? ICES J. Mar. Sci. (In press).
[1.2]
Holloway, G., 1992: Representing topographic stress
for large-scale ocean models. J. Phys. Oceanogr.
22, 1033–1046. [4.2]
Holloway, G., 1997: Eddy transport of thickness and
momentum in layer and level models. J. Phys.
Oceanogr. 27, 1153–1157. [5.2]
Houghton, R. W., 1996: Subsurface quasi-decadal
fluctuations in the North Atlantic. J. Climate 9,
1363–1373. [7.3]
Howden, S. D., E. Gottlieb, C. Koblinsky, T. Rossby
and L. Wang, 2000: Gulf Stream observations
from TOPEX/POSEIDON and in comparison with
in-situ measurements near 71°W. J. Geophys. Res.
(in press). [3.3]
Hsiung, J., R. E. Newell and T. Houghtby, 1989: The
annual cycle of oceanic heat storage and ocean
meridional heat transport. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor.
Soc. 115, 1–28. [2.2, 4.3]
Hsu, S. A. and B. W. Blanchard, 1989: The relationship between total precipitable water and
surface-level humidity over the sea surface: A
further evaluation. J. Geophys. Res. 94, 14539–
14545. [3.4]
Huang B., 1996: Subtropical–tropical thermocline
water exchanges in the Pacific Ocean. M. S. Thesis,
University of Wisconsin-Madison, 207pp. [4.4]
Huang, B. and Z. Liu, 1999: Pacific tropical–subtropical thermocline water exchanges in the NCEP
ocean model. J. Geophys. Res. 104, 11065–
11076. [4.4]
Huang, R. X., 1990: On the three-dimensional structure of the wind-driven circulation in the North
Atlantic. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans 15, 117–159. [5.3]
Huang, R. X., 1991: The three-dimensional structure
of wind-driven gyres: Ventilation and subduction.
US National Report to International Union of
Geodesy and Geophysics 1987–1990, Supplement
to Reviews of Geophys. 590–609. [5.3]
Huang, R. X., 1993: Real freshwater flux as a natural
boundary condition for the salinity balance and
thermohaline circulation forced by evaporation and
precipitation. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 23, 2428–2446.
[2.3, 7.2]
Huang, R. X., 1999: Mixing and energetics of
the oceanic thermohaline circulation. J. Phys.
Oceanogr. 29, 727–746. [5.2]
Huang, R. X., 2000a: An analytic solution of the
ideal-fluid thermocline. J. Phys. Oceanogr. (submitted). [5.3]
Huang, R. X., 2000b: Interior communication and
the structure of the thermocline in Subtropical
and Tropical Oceans. J. Phys. Oceanogr. (submitted). [5.8]
Huang, R. X. and R. L. Chou, 1994: Parameter sensitivity study of the saline circulation. Climate Dyn.
9, 391–409. [5.2]
Huang, R. X. and J. Pedlosky, 1999: Climate
variability inferred from a layered model of the
ventilated thermocline. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 29,
779–790. [4.4, 5.3, 7.3]
Huang, R. X. and B. Qiu, 1994: Three-dimensional
structure of the wind-driven circulation in the subtropical North Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 24,
1608–1622. [5.3]
Huang, R. X. and S. Russell, 1995: Ventilation of the
subtropical North Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 24,
2589–2605. [5.3]
Huang, R. X. and R. W. Schmitt, 1993: The
Goldsbrough-Stommel circulation of the world
oceans. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 23, 1277–1284. [6.2]
Hudson, J. G., Y. H. Xie and S. S. Yum, 1998:
Vertical distributions of cloud condensation nuclei
spectra over the summertime Southern Ocean.
J. Geophys. Res. 103, 16609–16624. [1.2]
REFERENCES
630