Charnock H, Lovelock JE, Liss P, and Whitfield M (eds.)
(1988) Tracers in the Ocean. London: The Royal
Society.
Doney SC, Lindsay K, Caldeira K, et al. (2004) Evaluating
global ocean carbon models: The importance of realistic
physics. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18: GB3017
(doi:10.1029/2003GB002150).
England MH and Maier-Reimer E (2001) Using chemical
tracers in ocean models. Reviews in Geophysics 39:
29--70.
Fasham M (ed.) (2003) Ocean Biogeochemistry. New
York: Springer.
Jenkins WJ (1980) Tritium and
3
He in the Sargasso Sea.
Journal of Marine Research 38: 533--569.
Kasibhatla P, Heimann M, and Rayner P (eds.) (2000)
Inverse Methods in Global Biogeochemical Cycles.
Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union.
Matsumoto K, Sarmiento JL, Key RM, et al. (2004)
Evaluation of ocean carbon cycle models with databased metrics. Geophysical Research Letters 31:
L07303 (doi:10.1029/2003GL018970).
Munk WH (1966) Abyssal recipes. Deep-Sea Research 13:
707--730.
Musgrave DL (1990) Numerical studies of tritium and
helium-3 in the thermocline. Journal of Physical
Oceanography 20: 344--373.
Sarmiento JL and Gruber N (2006) Ocean Biogeochemical Dynamics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University
Press.
Schimel D, Enting IG, Heimann M, et al. (1995) CO 2 and
the carbon cycle. In: Houghton JT, Meira Filho LG, and
Bruce J, et al. (eds.) Climate Change 1994, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, pp. 39--71.
Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Siedler G, Church J, and Gould J (eds.) (2001) Ocean
Circulation and Climate. New York: Academic Press.
Siegenthaler U and Oeschger H (1978) Predicting future
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. Science 199:
388--395.
Toggweiler JR and Sarmiento JL (1985) Glacial to interglacial changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide: The
critical role of ocean surface waters in high latitudes.
In: Sundquist ET and Broecker WS (eds.) The Carbon
Cycle and Atmospheric CO 2 : Natural Variations
Archean to Present, pp. 163--184. Washington, DC:
American Geophysical Union.
Relevant Websites
http://cdiac.ornl.gov
– Global Ocean Data Analysis Project, Carbon Dioxide
Information Analysis Center.
http://w3eos.whoi.edu
– Modeling, Data Analysis, and Numerical Techniques
for Geochemistry (resource page for MIT/WHOI course
number 12.747), at Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution.
http://us-osb.org
– Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB) Program
http://www.ipsl.jussieu.fr
– Ocean Carbon-Cycle Model Intercomparison Project
(OCMIP), Institut Pierre Simon Laplace.
522 OCEAN CARBON SYSTEM, MODELING OF
(1988) Tracers in the Ocean. London: The Royal
Society.
Doney SC, Lindsay K, Caldeira K, et al. (2004) Evaluating
global ocean carbon models: The importance of realistic
physics. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18: GB3017
(doi:10.1029/2003GB002150).
England MH and Maier-Reimer E (2001) Using chemical
tracers in ocean models. Reviews in Geophysics 39:
29--70.
Fasham M (ed.) (2003) Ocean Biogeochemistry. New
York: Springer.
Jenkins WJ (1980) Tritium and
3
He in the Sargasso Sea.
Journal of Marine Research 38: 533--569.
Kasibhatla P, Heimann M, and Rayner P (eds.) (2000)
Inverse Methods in Global Biogeochemical Cycles.
Washington, DC: American Geophysical Union.
Matsumoto K, Sarmiento JL, Key RM, et al. (2004)
Evaluation of ocean carbon cycle models with databased metrics. Geophysical Research Letters 31:
L07303 (doi:10.1029/2003GL018970).
Munk WH (1966) Abyssal recipes. Deep-Sea Research 13:
707--730.
Musgrave DL (1990) Numerical studies of tritium and
helium-3 in the thermocline. Journal of Physical
Oceanography 20: 344--373.
Sarmiento JL and Gruber N (2006) Ocean Biogeochemical Dynamics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University
Press.
Schimel D, Enting IG, Heimann M, et al. (1995) CO 2 and
the carbon cycle. In: Houghton JT, Meira Filho LG, and
Bruce J, et al. (eds.) Climate Change 1994, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, pp. 39--71.
Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Siedler G, Church J, and Gould J (eds.) (2001) Ocean
Circulation and Climate. New York: Academic Press.
Siegenthaler U and Oeschger H (1978) Predicting future
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. Science 199:
388--395.
Toggweiler JR and Sarmiento JL (1985) Glacial to interglacial changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide: The
critical role of ocean surface waters in high latitudes.
In: Sundquist ET and Broecker WS (eds.) The Carbon
Cycle and Atmospheric CO 2 : Natural Variations
Archean to Present, pp. 163--184. Washington, DC:
American Geophysical Union.
Relevant Websites
http://cdiac.ornl.gov
– Global Ocean Data Analysis Project, Carbon Dioxide
Information Analysis Center.
http://w3eos.whoi.edu
– Modeling, Data Analysis, and Numerical Techniques
for Geochemistry (resource page for MIT/WHOI course
number 12.747), at Woods Hole Oceanographic
Institution.
http://us-osb.org
– Ocean Carbon and Biogeochemistry (OCB) Program
http://www.ipsl.jussieu.fr
– Ocean Carbon-Cycle Model Intercomparison Project
(OCMIP), Institut Pierre Simon Laplace.
522 OCEAN CARBON SYSTEM, MODELING OF