Further Reading
Broecker WS and Peng TH (1982) Tracers in the Sea.
Palisades, NY: Eldigio Press.
Broecker WS, Ledwell JR, Takahashi, et al. (1986) Isotopic
versus micrometeorologic ocean CO 2 fluxes a: serious
conflict. Journal of Geophysical Research 91:
10517--10527.
Keeling R, Piper SC, and Heinmann M (1996) Global and
hemispheric CO 2 sinks deduced from changes in
atmospheric O 2 concentration. Nature 381: 218--221.
Sarmiento JL, Murnane R, and Le Quere C (1995) Air–sea
CO 2 transfer and the carbon budget of the North
Atlantic. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal
Society of London, series B 343: 211--219.
Sundquist ET (1985) Geological perspectives on carbon
dioxide and carbon cycle. In: Sundquist ET and
Broecker WS (eds.) The Carbon Cycle and Atmospheric
CO 2 N:atural Variations, Archean to Present,
Geophysical Monograph 32, pp. 5--59. Washington,
DC: American Geophysical Union.
Takashahi T, Olafsson J, Goddard J, Chipman DW, and
Sutherland SC (1993) Seasonal variation of CO 2 and
nutrients in the high-latitude surface oceans a:
comparative study. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 7:
843--878.
Takahashi T, Feely RA, Weiss R, et al. (1997) Global air–
sea flux of CO 2 a:n estimate based on measurements of
sea–air pCO 2 difference. Proceedings of the National
Academy of science USA 94: 8292--8299.
Tans PP, Fung IY, and Takahashi T (1990) Observational
constraints on the global atmospheric CO 2 budget.
Sciece 247: 1431--1438.
Wanninkhof R (1992) Relationship between wind speed
and gas exchange. Journal of Geophysical Research 97:
7373--7382.
Wanninkhof R and McGillis WM (1999) A cubic
relationship between gas transfer and wind speed.
Geophysical Research Letters 26: 1889--1893.
512 CARBON DIOXIDE (CO 2 ) CYCLE