A Control acetate lim
% Popn
C acetate lim + lppm
% Popn
D acetate + 10ppm
% Popn
A4 PLO
50
Al Aer/Vib
22
A2PL0
13
A3 PLO
5
Others to 100%
Total count cfu/ml
1.24 x 10 4
Cl Flavo
45
C2 PLO
30
C3PLO
7
4 PLO
4
Others to 100%
8.9 x 10 4
D2 Acineto
44
D3 Flavo
25
D1 Aer/Vib
22
Others to 100%.
9.8 x 10 4
PLO, pseudomonas like organism; Acineto; Acinetobacter sp.
Flavo, Flavobacterium sp. ; Aer/Vib Aeromonas/ Vibrio sp.
Table 2 : Enrichment of bacteria from an estuarine environment in the presence of the biocide Dodigen 181-1.
populations are quite different. Although similar organisms are present in each of the
enrichments the predominant organisms are quite different for each culture. A pseudomonad predominates in the control with a Flavobacterium spp. at 45 % of the population
in the second enrichment. The predominant community of organisms in the third
enrichment is a mixture of an Acinetobacter/Flavobacterium and Aeromonas-Vibrio
together accounting for 91 % of the population. The absence of a typical pseudomonad in
this community is interesting since these were present in appreciable numbers in the first
two enrichments and traditionally pseudomonads are noted for their tolerance to and
ability to degrade and utilize recalcitrant compounds. The predominance of the Flavobacterium and Acinetobacter must be attributed to a selection pressure imposed by the
biocide indicating tolerance and, on the evidence of population densities, the ability to
utilize the compound.
BROWN C.M. and WARDELL J.N., 1983. Bacterial processes in marine sediments. In: Experimental Biology at
Sea pp 347-363. Macdonald, A.G. and Priede, I.G. (eds) Academic Press.
COSSAR J.D., BROWN C.M. and WATKINSON R„ 1981. Some properties of a marine microbial community
utilizing benzoate. Society for General Microbiology Quarterly 8 (2) 147.
CROUCH, BARBARA A., 1982. Biocides in oil field operations. In: Environmental Aspects of the Use of Biocides
pp 29-38. The Institute of Petroleum, London.
DUNN G.M., WARDELL J.N., HERBERT R. A. and BROWN C.M., 1980. Enrichment, enumeration and characterization of nitrate-reducing bacteria present in sediments of the River Tay estuary. Proceedings of the Royal
Society of Edinburgh 78B s47-s57.
HARDER W„ 1981. Enrichment and characterization of degrading organisms. In: Microbial Degradation of
Xenobiotics and Recalcitrant compounds pp 77-96. Leisinger A.M., Cook A.M., Hutter R. and Neusch J. (eds)
Academic Press.
.IANNASCH H. W„ 1967. Enrichments of aquatic bacteria in continuous culture. Archives of Microbiology 59
165-173.
SENIOR E., BULL A.T. and SLATER J.H., 1976. Enzyme evolution in a microbial community growing on the
herbicide Dalapon. Nature 263 476-479.
SLATER J.H., 1978. The role of microbial communities in the natural environment. In: The Oil Industry and
Microbial Ecosystems pp 137-154. Chater K..W.A. and Somerville H.J. (eds) The Institute of Petroleum,
1 ondon.
STEWART D.J., 1971. A composite arginine-glucose medium for the characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative bacilli. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 34 779-786.
WILKINSONT.G., 1982. Control of bacterial growth : The use of biocides and alternative control systems in the
off-shore oil industry. In : Environmental Aspects of the Use of Biocides pp 39-68. The Institute of Petroleum,
London.
632
% Popn
C acetate lim + lppm
% Popn
D acetate + 10ppm
% Popn
A4 PLO
50
Al Aer/Vib
22
A2PL0
13
A3 PLO
5
Others to 100%
Total count cfu/ml
1.24 x 10 4
Cl Flavo
45
C2 PLO
30
C3PLO
7
4 PLO
4
Others to 100%
8.9 x 10 4
D2 Acineto
44
D3 Flavo
25
D1 Aer/Vib
22
Others to 100%.
9.8 x 10 4
PLO, pseudomonas like organism; Acineto; Acinetobacter sp.
Flavo, Flavobacterium sp. ; Aer/Vib Aeromonas/ Vibrio sp.
Table 2 : Enrichment of bacteria from an estuarine environment in the presence of the biocide Dodigen 181-1.
populations are quite different. Although similar organisms are present in each of the
enrichments the predominant organisms are quite different for each culture. A pseudomonad predominates in the control with a Flavobacterium spp. at 45 % of the population
in the second enrichment. The predominant community of organisms in the third
enrichment is a mixture of an Acinetobacter/Flavobacterium and Aeromonas-Vibrio
together accounting for 91 % of the population. The absence of a typical pseudomonad in
this community is interesting since these were present in appreciable numbers in the first
two enrichments and traditionally pseudomonads are noted for their tolerance to and
ability to degrade and utilize recalcitrant compounds. The predominance of the Flavobacterium and Acinetobacter must be attributed to a selection pressure imposed by the
biocide indicating tolerance and, on the evidence of population densities, the ability to
utilize the compound.
BROWN C.M. and WARDELL J.N., 1983. Bacterial processes in marine sediments. In: Experimental Biology at
Sea pp 347-363. Macdonald, A.G. and Priede, I.G. (eds) Academic Press.
COSSAR J.D., BROWN C.M. and WATKINSON R„ 1981. Some properties of a marine microbial community
utilizing benzoate. Society for General Microbiology Quarterly 8 (2) 147.
CROUCH, BARBARA A., 1982. Biocides in oil field operations. In: Environmental Aspects of the Use of Biocides
pp 29-38. The Institute of Petroleum, London.
DUNN G.M., WARDELL J.N., HERBERT R. A. and BROWN C.M., 1980. Enrichment, enumeration and characterization of nitrate-reducing bacteria present in sediments of the River Tay estuary. Proceedings of the Royal
Society of Edinburgh 78B s47-s57.
HARDER W„ 1981. Enrichment and characterization of degrading organisms. In: Microbial Degradation of
Xenobiotics and Recalcitrant compounds pp 77-96. Leisinger A.M., Cook A.M., Hutter R. and Neusch J. (eds)
Academic Press.
.IANNASCH H. W„ 1967. Enrichments of aquatic bacteria in continuous culture. Archives of Microbiology 59
165-173.
SENIOR E., BULL A.T. and SLATER J.H., 1976. Enzyme evolution in a microbial community growing on the
herbicide Dalapon. Nature 263 476-479.
SLATER J.H., 1978. The role of microbial communities in the natural environment. In: The Oil Industry and
Microbial Ecosystems pp 137-154. Chater K..W.A. and Somerville H.J. (eds) The Institute of Petroleum,
1 ondon.
STEWART D.J., 1971. A composite arginine-glucose medium for the characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative bacilli. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 34 779-786.
WILKINSONT.G., 1982. Control of bacterial growth : The use of biocides and alternative control systems in the
off-shore oil industry. In : Environmental Aspects of the Use of Biocides pp 39-68. The Institute of Petroleum,
London.
632