26
R. E. DELL
Antarctic Treaty in 1959. A committee of the International Council of
Scientific Unions (I.C.S.U.), the Special Committee on Antarctic
Research (S.C.A.R.) formed in 1958, has held conferences, organized
subcommittees to stimulate further work, and acts as a scientific
advisor to the Treaty nations. Some nations continued to maintain
bases in Antarctica after the close of the I.G.Y. These have included
Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, Japan, New Zealand, South
Africa, United Kingdom, U.S.S.R. and the United States. Marine
research programmes have been instituted at many of these bases,
especially McMurdo Sound (U.S.A. and N.Z.), Adelie Land (France),
Mirnyy (U.S.S.R.), Signy Island, South Orkneys (U.K.). With a few
exceptions the most productive programmes have resulted from the
use of expedition vessels to work in associated areas. The United States
efforts have been organized by the U.S. Antarctic Research Program
(U.S.A.R.P.) appointed under the auspices of the National Science
Foundation. Since 1962 the U.S.N.S. Eltanin operated by the United
States National Science Foundation has been operating an almost
continuous collecting programme through the Southern Oceans.
The results of many of these more recent endeavours insofar as they
relate to the benthos are only slowly appearing. The New Zealand
Oceanographic Institute is publishing a series of bulletins based on
material collected in the Ross Sea during the early New Zealand work
there, and especially from extensive dredging and trawling programmes
carried out from H.M.N.Z.S. Endeavour in 1958-59 and 1959-60, under
the general heading " The Fauna of the Ross Sea ".
The results of biological work stemming from U.S.A.R.P. activities
are now appearing in an Antarctic Research Series. Two bulletins on
Polychaeta (Hartman, 1964, 1966), and others on Cirripedia (Newman
and Ross, 1971), Ascidiacea (Kott, 1969) and Antarctica-Subantarctic
Marine Algae (Papenfuss, 1964b) have been published. Soviet work on
the benthos carried out from the Ob and other vessels has been published
in a series of " Biological Reports of the Soviet Antarctic Expedition
(1955-1958)"', four volumes of which have fortunately been translated into English. Shorter preliminary reports of Soviet work have
appeared in " Soviet Antarctic Expedition Information Bulletins ",
many of which have also appeared in English translation. Many of
the papers relating to French Antarctic work have appeared (or have
been reprinted) in a series of publications of " Expeditions Polaires
Frangaises ". Japanese marine material was mostly collected from R.V.
Umitaka Maru, and some of the reports are published in JARE
Scientific Reports. British biological work is being published in a
series under the title of " Scientific Reports of the British Antarctic
R. E. DELL
Antarctic Treaty in 1959. A committee of the International Council of
Scientific Unions (I.C.S.U.), the Special Committee on Antarctic
Research (S.C.A.R.) formed in 1958, has held conferences, organized
subcommittees to stimulate further work, and acts as a scientific
advisor to the Treaty nations. Some nations continued to maintain
bases in Antarctica after the close of the I.G.Y. These have included
Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, Japan, New Zealand, South
Africa, United Kingdom, U.S.S.R. and the United States. Marine
research programmes have been instituted at many of these bases,
especially McMurdo Sound (U.S.A. and N.Z.), Adelie Land (France),
Mirnyy (U.S.S.R.), Signy Island, South Orkneys (U.K.). With a few
exceptions the most productive programmes have resulted from the
use of expedition vessels to work in associated areas. The United States
efforts have been organized by the U.S. Antarctic Research Program
(U.S.A.R.P.) appointed under the auspices of the National Science
Foundation. Since 1962 the U.S.N.S. Eltanin operated by the United
States National Science Foundation has been operating an almost
continuous collecting programme through the Southern Oceans.
The results of many of these more recent endeavours insofar as they
relate to the benthos are only slowly appearing. The New Zealand
Oceanographic Institute is publishing a series of bulletins based on
material collected in the Ross Sea during the early New Zealand work
there, and especially from extensive dredging and trawling programmes
carried out from H.M.N.Z.S. Endeavour in 1958-59 and 1959-60, under
the general heading " The Fauna of the Ross Sea ".
The results of biological work stemming from U.S.A.R.P. activities
are now appearing in an Antarctic Research Series. Two bulletins on
Polychaeta (Hartman, 1964, 1966), and others on Cirripedia (Newman
and Ross, 1971), Ascidiacea (Kott, 1969) and Antarctica-Subantarctic
Marine Algae (Papenfuss, 1964b) have been published. Soviet work on
the benthos carried out from the Ob and other vessels has been published
in a series of " Biological Reports of the Soviet Antarctic Expedition
(1955-1958)"', four volumes of which have fortunately been translated into English. Shorter preliminary reports of Soviet work have
appeared in " Soviet Antarctic Expedition Information Bulletins ",
many of which have also appeared in English translation. Many of
the papers relating to French Antarctic work have appeared (or have
been reprinted) in a series of publications of " Expeditions Polaires
Frangaises ". Japanese marine material was mostly collected from R.V.
Umitaka Maru, and some of the reports are published in JARE
Scientific Reports. British biological work is being published in a
series under the title of " Scientific Reports of the British Antarctic