SUBJlOT INDEX
667
Shipworms, embryology and larval
development-contind
pelagic life, 404, 451
penetration of larva into wood, 408,
planktotrophic life, 428
salinity tolerance, 456
settlement on wood, 404, 405, 406,
409
407-409,410,411,412,413,457,
458, 459, 463
straight-hinge larva, 403
swimming rates, 406
trochophore larva, 403
veligers, 400, 403, 404, 405, 406, 413,
414, 428, 429
velum, 400, 403, 405
two-celled Stage, 400, 402
Shipworms, fertilization, 399401, 402,
403
artificial, 402
extrusion of larvae, 401
modes, 399,401
stages of development, 400,402,403,
Shipworms, food and digestion, 441404
446, 460
bacteria, 442, 445, 446
breakdown of cellulose, 441,442,443,
carbohydrates, 441, 442, 443
effects of harmful bacteria, 444
effects of overcrowding, 444
effects of parasitic protozoa, 444
excavated wood, 441, 442, 444, 445
nanoplankton, 443, 444
phagocytosis, 445
plankton, 443, 444
presence of cellulose enzyme, 441,
storage of glycogen, 443,459,460
Shipworms, growth rates, 425428,
449, 450, 451, 472, 475
effects of overcrowding, 426,427,428
effects of salinity, 427, 428
effects of temperature, 449, 450, 451
rate of boring, 425, 426
“stenomorphs”, 426, 427
sterioradiographic studies, 425
X-ray photographic studies, 425
445,446
effects of fungi, 445
442, 443, 445, 446
S h i p ~ ~ r m s ,
mantle, 351-359
calcareous tube, 357
calcium carbonate secretion, 355
“cephalic hood”, 355
cilia, 358,359
epithelium, 357, 358, 359
periostracal groove, 357
structure, 355, 356, 357, 358
Shipworms, morphology and anatomy,
adductor muscles, 348, 350, 351, 354,
369, 366, 367,385, 386,400
alimentary canal, 348, 367, 368,441,
443
anal canal, 349, 350, 368, 369, 376,
377, 378, 386
anterior adduction, 349, 350, 353,
354,359, 368,377,378,388,400
anterior aorta, 349, 350
anus, 349, 368, 377
appendix, 370, 371, 376, 389, 390,
arrangement of organs, 349,350
auricles, 349,368,377,378, 385, 387,
390
body, 345, 348, 349, 367, 374, 376,
383, 385, 388, 428
boring mechanism, 365-367
branchial cavity, 349, 358, 376, 378,
382, 383, 389, 390, 469, 472
brood pouch, 368, 377, 401
caecum, 349,360,360,368,369,370,
371, 374,376,377,378,379,389,
390,400,441,442,445,446
344-390, 434
aorta, 384, 385
441, 445
calcareous lining, 363-365
cephalic hood, 349, 366, 378
cerebral ganglia, 388, 389
circulatory system, 38P386
coiled typhlosole of intestine, 349,
collar, 350, 351, 363, 377, 378
collar of mantle, 349
ctenidia, 349,350,357,359,376-381,
382, 386, 390, 470
digestive diverticula, 349, 350, 368,
371, 372,373,374,377,378,381,
400, 441, 442, 443, 445
368, 377, 445
digestive 8JTstem, 367-376
667
Shipworms, embryology and larval
development-contind
pelagic life, 404, 451
penetration of larva into wood, 408,
planktotrophic life, 428
salinity tolerance, 456
settlement on wood, 404, 405, 406,
409
407-409,410,411,412,413,457,
458, 459, 463
straight-hinge larva, 403
swimming rates, 406
trochophore larva, 403
veligers, 400, 403, 404, 405, 406, 413,
414, 428, 429
velum, 400, 403, 405
two-celled Stage, 400, 402
Shipworms, fertilization, 399401, 402,
403
artificial, 402
extrusion of larvae, 401
modes, 399,401
stages of development, 400,402,403,
Shipworms, food and digestion, 441404
446, 460
bacteria, 442, 445, 446
breakdown of cellulose, 441,442,443,
carbohydrates, 441, 442, 443
effects of harmful bacteria, 444
effects of overcrowding, 444
effects of parasitic protozoa, 444
excavated wood, 441, 442, 444, 445
nanoplankton, 443, 444
phagocytosis, 445
plankton, 443, 444
presence of cellulose enzyme, 441,
storage of glycogen, 443,459,460
Shipworms, growth rates, 425428,
449, 450, 451, 472, 475
effects of overcrowding, 426,427,428
effects of salinity, 427, 428
effects of temperature, 449, 450, 451
rate of boring, 425, 426
“stenomorphs”, 426, 427
sterioradiographic studies, 425
X-ray photographic studies, 425
445,446
effects of fungi, 445
442, 443, 445, 446
S h i p ~ ~ r m s ,
mantle, 351-359
calcareous tube, 357
calcium carbonate secretion, 355
“cephalic hood”, 355
cilia, 358,359
epithelium, 357, 358, 359
periostracal groove, 357
structure, 355, 356, 357, 358
Shipworms, morphology and anatomy,
adductor muscles, 348, 350, 351, 354,
369, 366, 367,385, 386,400
alimentary canal, 348, 367, 368,441,
443
anal canal, 349, 350, 368, 369, 376,
377, 378, 386
anterior adduction, 349, 350, 353,
354,359, 368,377,378,388,400
anterior aorta, 349, 350
anus, 349, 368, 377
appendix, 370, 371, 376, 389, 390,
arrangement of organs, 349,350
auricles, 349,368,377,378, 385, 387,
390
body, 345, 348, 349, 367, 374, 376,
383, 385, 388, 428
boring mechanism, 365-367
branchial cavity, 349, 358, 376, 378,
382, 383, 389, 390, 469, 472
brood pouch, 368, 377, 401
caecum, 349,360,360,368,369,370,
371, 374,376,377,378,379,389,
390,400,441,442,445,446
344-390, 434
aorta, 384, 385
441, 445
calcareous lining, 363-365
cephalic hood, 349, 366, 378
cerebral ganglia, 388, 389
circulatory system, 38P386
coiled typhlosole of intestine, 349,
collar, 350, 351, 363, 377, 378
collar of mantle, 349
ctenidia, 349,350,357,359,376-381,
382, 386, 390, 470
digestive diverticula, 349, 350, 368,
371, 372,373,374,377,378,381,
400, 441, 442, 443, 445
368, 377, 445
digestive 8JTstem, 367-376