52
THE BIOLOGY O F EUPHAUSIIDS
This is a bathypelagic species (Fig. 15). Atlantic: recorded from
30' 4" 17'46'W. Pacific : northernmost record of adults is 40' 35"
147'55'W; present in region of California Current and again south of
1O"N ; also in mid-equatorial region between 1 SON and 5'5 ; so far only
taken near 16O"E 0-10'N in the western Pacific; southernmost records,
44's to 45's. It is probable that more intensive sampling a t stations
below 2 000 m depth in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans will show this
species to be cosmopolitan. Sexual maturity attained at a length of
about 60 mm. (Hansen, 1905a; Brinton, 1962a).
Thysanopoda spinicaudata Brinton, 1953
T . spinicaudata Brinton, 1953: 408-411, figs. 1, 3, 6, 10, 1 1 ; Boden et al.,
Only three adults and three juveniles of this species have been
caught (Fig. 15). One female, 95 mm long, off Baja California (25'52"
114'40'W); one male, 104 mm long, off Guadalupe Island, Baja
California; and one female, 150 mm long, a t 33' 38"
131'54'W in
midwater a t 2 250 m depth. One juvenile, 25 mm long, at 25'52's
155'44'W a t 2 250 m depth; one, 40 mm long; a t 12'07" 148'35'W
by a trawl sampling a t 2 100 m depth ; and one, 50 mm long, a t
29'55" 120'12'W a t a depth between 0 and 2 000 m. It has so far
only been recorded from the Pacific but future deep trawling may show
it to be present in other oceans. (Brinton, 1953, 1962a.)
1955: 316-318, fig. 16.
Genus Meganyctiphanes Holt and Tattersall, 1905a : 103
Meganyctiphanes norvegica (M. Sars, 1857)
Thysanopoda norwegica M. Sam, 1857 : 169 ; 1864a: 2-10. T . nana M. Sars,
1864b : 79-84. Nyctiphanes norvegica G. 0. Sam, 1883b : 24. Euphausia Zanei
Holt and Tattersall, 1905a : 102, pl. xxiv, figs. 6-9. Meganyctiphanes norvegica
Holt and Tattersall, 190%: 105-107, pl. x v i ; Einarsson, 1945: 41-42, fig. 15.
Euphausia intermedia Riggio, 1905: 6, 53, taf. i, figs. 3-7. Meganyctiphanes
calmani Colosi, 1918 : 178-181, figs. 1-3.
This species is confined to the North Atlantic and Mediterranean
(Fig. 16). I n the Western Atlantic it extends northwards from Cape
Hatteras (35'N), along the edge of the continental slope, to the coasts
of Labrador, Baffin Island, and West Greenland to about 70'N. It is
present round southern and eastern Greenland penetrating to about
SOON ; recorded south of Spitzbergen (75'-76'N), Barents Sea, throughout the Norwegian Sea, North Sea, Skagerrak, but not Kattegat or
eastern English Channel. It extends southwards into the Mediterranean
and occurs in the Sea of Marmara but not in the southeastern Mediter-
THE BIOLOGY O F EUPHAUSIIDS
This is a bathypelagic species (Fig. 15). Atlantic: recorded from
30' 4" 17'46'W. Pacific : northernmost record of adults is 40' 35"
147'55'W; present in region of California Current and again south of
1O"N ; also in mid-equatorial region between 1 SON and 5'5 ; so far only
taken near 16O"E 0-10'N in the western Pacific; southernmost records,
44's to 45's. It is probable that more intensive sampling a t stations
below 2 000 m depth in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans will show this
species to be cosmopolitan. Sexual maturity attained at a length of
about 60 mm. (Hansen, 1905a; Brinton, 1962a).
Thysanopoda spinicaudata Brinton, 1953
T . spinicaudata Brinton, 1953: 408-411, figs. 1, 3, 6, 10, 1 1 ; Boden et al.,
Only three adults and three juveniles of this species have been
caught (Fig. 15). One female, 95 mm long, off Baja California (25'52"
114'40'W); one male, 104 mm long, off Guadalupe Island, Baja
California; and one female, 150 mm long, a t 33' 38"
131'54'W in
midwater a t 2 250 m depth. One juvenile, 25 mm long, at 25'52's
155'44'W a t 2 250 m depth; one, 40 mm long; a t 12'07" 148'35'W
by a trawl sampling a t 2 100 m depth ; and one, 50 mm long, a t
29'55" 120'12'W a t a depth between 0 and 2 000 m. It has so far
only been recorded from the Pacific but future deep trawling may show
it to be present in other oceans. (Brinton, 1953, 1962a.)
1955: 316-318, fig. 16.
Genus Meganyctiphanes Holt and Tattersall, 1905a : 103
Meganyctiphanes norvegica (M. Sars, 1857)
Thysanopoda norwegica M. Sam, 1857 : 169 ; 1864a: 2-10. T . nana M. Sars,
1864b : 79-84. Nyctiphanes norvegica G. 0. Sam, 1883b : 24. Euphausia Zanei
Holt and Tattersall, 1905a : 102, pl. xxiv, figs. 6-9. Meganyctiphanes norvegica
Holt and Tattersall, 190%: 105-107, pl. x v i ; Einarsson, 1945: 41-42, fig. 15.
Euphausia intermedia Riggio, 1905: 6, 53, taf. i, figs. 3-7. Meganyctiphanes
calmani Colosi, 1918 : 178-181, figs. 1-3.
This species is confined to the North Atlantic and Mediterranean
(Fig. 16). I n the Western Atlantic it extends northwards from Cape
Hatteras (35'N), along the edge of the continental slope, to the coasts
of Labrador, Baffin Island, and West Greenland to about 70'N. It is
present round southern and eastern Greenland penetrating to about
SOON ; recorded south of Spitzbergen (75'-76'N), Barents Sea, throughout the Norwegian Sea, North Sea, Skagerrak, but not Kattegat or
eastern English Channel. It extends southwards into the Mediterranean
and occurs in the Sea of Marmara but not in the southeastern Mediter-