238
MALCOLM R. CLARKE
specimens the hooks are small, and very young ones have tentacles
devoid of hooks and are consequently often grouped under the “larval
genera ” described above.
1. Galiteuthis armata Joubin, 1898
Witeuthis (Taonidium) suhmii Chun, 1910s
Qaliteuthis phyllura Berry, 1911a
?Taoniua pavo (pars) Akimushkin, 1954a
This species (Fig. 51) has been recorded from the Mediterranean
(Joubin, 1898b, 1920, 1924; Mortars, 1917; Degner, 1925; Issel, 1920,
1925b), from the North Atlantic (Joubin, 1895b, 1920, 1924; Chun,
1910a, 1913; Degner, 1925; Voss, 1960), off South Africa (Robson,
1924c), the Antarctic (Hoyle, 1912), south of Australia (Brazier, 1892b),
the Bering Sea and off Kamchatka (Sasaki, 1920, 1929a; Okutani and
Nemoto, 1964), the Kuril region (Akimushkin, 1954a, 1955a; Beteshava
and Akimushkin, 1955), Hokkaido in Japan (Hikita and Hikita, 1956;
Iwai, 1956b), Oregon (Pearcy, 1965) and California (Berry, 191 la).
Iwai (1956b) considered that the Pacific and Atlantic forms differed in
some respects.
It has been taken with open nets fished to as little as 100 m (200 m
of wire, Chun, 1913 and Issel, 1925b) and to as much as 4 000 m, but the
majority were taken in nets fished between 500 and 2 000 m. The
largest specimen has a mantle length of 61-0 cm (Joubin, 1924) and
a male of 11.0 cm was described as adult (Chun, 1910a).
During growth, the arms remain relatively the same length, the
tentacles, head and eye stalks become relatively shorter, the body
becomes relatively narrower and the fin relatively longer (Fig. 52).
The species has been taken from stomachs of Germo alalungu
(Joubin, 1895b as Taonius richurdi), Thunnus germo (Clemens and
Iselin, 1963), Tursiops truncatus (Rancurel, 1964) and Sperm whales
(Akimushkin, 1964a, 1955a; Iwai, 1956b; Okutani and Nemoto, 1964).
X. Mesonychoteuthis
A genus represented by one species and characterized by hooded
hooks in the middle of each arm.
1. Nesonychoteuthis hamiltoni Robson, 1925.
The species was described from two brachial crowns taken from the
stomach of a sperm whale caught in the South Shetland area (Robson,
192Sa). Several complete specimens since collected from Sperm whale
stomachs in the Antarctic are being examined by Dr. Anna Bidder
MALCOLM R. CLARKE
specimens the hooks are small, and very young ones have tentacles
devoid of hooks and are consequently often grouped under the “larval
genera ” described above.
1. Galiteuthis armata Joubin, 1898
Witeuthis (Taonidium) suhmii Chun, 1910s
Qaliteuthis phyllura Berry, 1911a
?Taoniua pavo (pars) Akimushkin, 1954a
This species (Fig. 51) has been recorded from the Mediterranean
(Joubin, 1898b, 1920, 1924; Mortars, 1917; Degner, 1925; Issel, 1920,
1925b), from the North Atlantic (Joubin, 1895b, 1920, 1924; Chun,
1910a, 1913; Degner, 1925; Voss, 1960), off South Africa (Robson,
1924c), the Antarctic (Hoyle, 1912), south of Australia (Brazier, 1892b),
the Bering Sea and off Kamchatka (Sasaki, 1920, 1929a; Okutani and
Nemoto, 1964), the Kuril region (Akimushkin, 1954a, 1955a; Beteshava
and Akimushkin, 1955), Hokkaido in Japan (Hikita and Hikita, 1956;
Iwai, 1956b), Oregon (Pearcy, 1965) and California (Berry, 191 la).
Iwai (1956b) considered that the Pacific and Atlantic forms differed in
some respects.
It has been taken with open nets fished to as little as 100 m (200 m
of wire, Chun, 1913 and Issel, 1925b) and to as much as 4 000 m, but the
majority were taken in nets fished between 500 and 2 000 m. The
largest specimen has a mantle length of 61-0 cm (Joubin, 1924) and
a male of 11.0 cm was described as adult (Chun, 1910a).
During growth, the arms remain relatively the same length, the
tentacles, head and eye stalks become relatively shorter, the body
becomes relatively narrower and the fin relatively longer (Fig. 52).
The species has been taken from stomachs of Germo alalungu
(Joubin, 1895b as Taonius richurdi), Thunnus germo (Clemens and
Iselin, 1963), Tursiops truncatus (Rancurel, 1964) and Sperm whales
(Akimushkin, 1964a, 1955a; Iwai, 1956b; Okutani and Nemoto, 1964).
X. Mesonychoteuthis
A genus represented by one species and characterized by hooded
hooks in the middle of each arm.
1. Nesonychoteuthis hamiltoni Robson, 1925.
The species was described from two brachial crowns taken from the
stomach of a sperm whale caught in the South Shetland area (Robson,
192Sa). Several complete specimens since collected from Sperm whale
stomachs in the Antarctic are being examined by Dr. Anna Bidder