236
MALCOLM R. CLARKE
Greenland (Nesis, 1965) and from February to September in the
eastern North Atlantic (Degner, 1925) so that there does not appear to
be a restricted breeding season.
It has been taken from the stomachs of Globicephalus melas and
Steno rostratus (Nielsen, 1930).
2 . Taonius pavo (Lesueur, 1821)
Loligo pavo Lesueur, 1821
Loligopsis pavo (pars) d'Orbigny, 1835-48
Desmoteuthia hyperborea Verrill, 1882c
This species (Fig. 50) has been recorded from the western North
Atlantic (Lesueur, 1821; Verrill, 1882c), the eastern North Atlantic
(Joubin, 1899, 1900, 1920; Bouxin and Legendre, 1936; Rees and Maul,
1956), Antarctic seas (Chun, 1910a), the Philippines (Voss, 1963a),
off Japan (Sasaki, 1920, 1929a), the Bering Sea (Okutani and Nemoto,
1964) and off western North America (Pearcy, 1965). It has also
been recorded from the Kuril region (Akimushkin, 1954b, 1955a;
Beteshava and Akimushkin, 1955) but from Akimushkin's (1954b
and 1957) description a t least some of these belong to Galiteuthis.
It has been found dead at the surface (Joubin, 1900) and has been
caught in an open net fished to 750 m (Voss, 1963a). Off Oregon,
Pearcy (1965) found that more were caught with open trawls fished at
about 500 m than a t 200 m or 1 000 m. The largest female is 33.0 cm
(Sasaki, 1920) and the largest unsexed specimen is 33.5 cm in mantle
length (Joubin, 1900).
It has been taken from the stomach of Diomedia fuliginosa which
suggests that it must have come near the surface although Chun
(1910a) suggested that it may have been brought up by a rolling iceberg. It has also been found in stomachs of the fish Alepisaurus ferox
and of Sperm whales (Okutani and Nemoto, 1964) and, if some of
Akimushkin's identifications 'are correct, in Albatross stomachs
(Akimushkin, 1954b).
3. Taonius thori Degner, 1925
Known only from the type specimen, this well distinguished species
was taken at 46' 30"
7OO' W in the North Atlantic in an open net
fished a t about 900-1 300 m (2 700 m of wire out). It has a mantle
length of 31.5 cm.
4. Taonius pellucida Chun, 1910
Demoteuthis pellucida Chun, 1910a
This is clearly very close to T . megalops and further work may show
them to be identical. It has been recorded from the South Atlantic
MALCOLM R. CLARKE
Greenland (Nesis, 1965) and from February to September in the
eastern North Atlantic (Degner, 1925) so that there does not appear to
be a restricted breeding season.
It has been taken from the stomachs of Globicephalus melas and
Steno rostratus (Nielsen, 1930).
2 . Taonius pavo (Lesueur, 1821)
Loligo pavo Lesueur, 1821
Loligopsis pavo (pars) d'Orbigny, 1835-48
Desmoteuthia hyperborea Verrill, 1882c
This species (Fig. 50) has been recorded from the western North
Atlantic (Lesueur, 1821; Verrill, 1882c), the eastern North Atlantic
(Joubin, 1899, 1900, 1920; Bouxin and Legendre, 1936; Rees and Maul,
1956), Antarctic seas (Chun, 1910a), the Philippines (Voss, 1963a),
off Japan (Sasaki, 1920, 1929a), the Bering Sea (Okutani and Nemoto,
1964) and off western North America (Pearcy, 1965). It has also
been recorded from the Kuril region (Akimushkin, 1954b, 1955a;
Beteshava and Akimushkin, 1955) but from Akimushkin's (1954b
and 1957) description a t least some of these belong to Galiteuthis.
It has been found dead at the surface (Joubin, 1900) and has been
caught in an open net fished to 750 m (Voss, 1963a). Off Oregon,
Pearcy (1965) found that more were caught with open trawls fished at
about 500 m than a t 200 m or 1 000 m. The largest female is 33.0 cm
(Sasaki, 1920) and the largest unsexed specimen is 33.5 cm in mantle
length (Joubin, 1900).
It has been taken from the stomach of Diomedia fuliginosa which
suggests that it must have come near the surface although Chun
(1910a) suggested that it may have been brought up by a rolling iceberg. It has also been found in stomachs of the fish Alepisaurus ferox
and of Sperm whales (Okutani and Nemoto, 1964) and, if some of
Akimushkin's identifications 'are correct, in Albatross stomachs
(Akimushkin, 1954b).
3. Taonius thori Degner, 1925
Known only from the type specimen, this well distinguished species
was taken at 46' 30"
7OO' W in the North Atlantic in an open net
fished a t about 900-1 300 m (2 700 m of wire out). It has a mantle
length of 31.5 cm.
4. Taonius pellucida Chun, 1910
Demoteuthis pellucida Chun, 1910a
This is clearly very close to T . megalops and further work may show
them to be identical. It has been recorded from the South Atlantic