METHODS O F SAMPLING THE BENTHOS
175
0 1 1 the ot\w hnntl, ltobcrtson (1868) was of the opinion that
further diwcovc-r*ic.x were to be niadc beneath the surface. Writing of
dredges in general he says: ’* A prevailing opinion is that all that can
be acquired by the dredge may be met with on the surface of the
bottom. . . .” He then goes on to describe a new bucket dredge (Fig. 3)
designed to dig deeply into the deposit.
Fro. 4. Left, 0. F. Muller’s four-sided dredge. Right, Ball’s dredge. Note the weak
link provided by lashing one arm to the other with a few turns of twine. (From
Thornson, 1873.)
We do in fact find that accounts of early dredgings often omit
common members of the burrowing fauna. For example, in E. J.
Men’s (1899) classic account of the fauna of the Eddystone region
several large shallow-burrowing lamellibranchs such as Cyprina and
Cardiunz echiuatum were represented only by dead shells or at most by
single living specimens, although now known to occur quite frequently
on these grounds (Holme, 1953; cp. Petersen, 1913, pp. 19-20).
175
0 1 1 the ot\w hnntl, ltobcrtson (1868) was of the opinion that
further diwcovc-r*ic.x were to be niadc beneath the surface. Writing of
dredges in general he says: ’* A prevailing opinion is that all that can
be acquired by the dredge may be met with on the surface of the
bottom. . . .” He then goes on to describe a new bucket dredge (Fig. 3)
designed to dig deeply into the deposit.
Fro. 4. Left, 0. F. Muller’s four-sided dredge. Right, Ball’s dredge. Note the weak
link provided by lashing one arm to the other with a few turns of twine. (From
Thornson, 1873.)
We do in fact find that accounts of early dredgings often omit
common members of the burrowing fauna. For example, in E. J.
Men’s (1899) classic account of the fauna of the Eddystone region
several large shallow-burrowing lamellibranchs such as Cyprina and
Cardiunz echiuatum were represented only by dead shells or at most by
single living specimens, although now known to occur quite frequently
on these grounds (Holme, 1953; cp. Petersen, 1913, pp. 19-20).