108
JOHN E. CUSHINO
Bingham (1963) used antiserums produced in rainbow trout and in
cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki subs.) to distinguish among strains of
cutthroat. He also showed that the normal serums of bighorn sheep,
mule deer and other big game contain antibodies useful in differentiating these strains.
Balakhnin (1961) used normal pig serum to detect intraapeeific
variations among individuals of a species of trout (name not given)
in the U.S.S.R.
6. The tuizas
As is well known, a number of species of tuna form the basis of a
global complex of fisheries that is participated in by many nations.
The catch has doubled in past decades and Chapman (1962) estimates
that it will doublo again in a comparable time. There is, therefore, an
increasing emphasis on the need for world-wide management programs similar to that already in effect through the International
Tropical Tuna Commission. A significant step in this direction was
taken by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
when it organized " The World Scientific Meeting on the Biology of
Tuna and Related Species " under the leadership of Dr. H. Rosa, Jr.
(Rosa, 1963).
The contribution that population genetics can make to the identification and delineation of tuna populations has been stressed by Marr
and Sprague (Marr, 1962b ; Marr and Sprague, 1962). This w&s recognized by a resolution passed at the World Meeting, which also urged
the vigorous pursuit of studies in this field, established a Tuna Blood
Group Centcr at the US. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Biological
Laboratory at Honolulu, and adopted the report on blood group
nomenclature arisine from the Pacific Tuna Biology Conference at
Honolulu 1962 (Marr, 1962a). A t present the investigation of the
blood groups of tuna is being conducted in the Honolulu laboratory
by Dr. Lucian Sprague and his associates and by W. Klawe and
J. Joseph in the International TropicaI Tuna Commission, San Diego.
Dr. Akimi Suzuki and his collaborators have made extensive and
significant contributions from the Nankai Regional Fisheries
Laboratory at Koehi, Japan.
Serological observations on tuna began with the discovery in the
serums of some yellowfin tuna (Thunnua albacarea (Bonnat.)) and
oceanic skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis (L.)) of agglutinins specifically
reactive with human B agglutinogen, and other agglutinins reactive
with human cells irrespective of type (Cushing, 1962a, b). This finding
ww followed by the demonstration of four phenogroups of skipjack,
JOHN E. CUSHINO
Bingham (1963) used antiserums produced in rainbow trout and in
cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki subs.) to distinguish among strains of
cutthroat. He also showed that the normal serums of bighorn sheep,
mule deer and other big game contain antibodies useful in differentiating these strains.
Balakhnin (1961) used normal pig serum to detect intraapeeific
variations among individuals of a species of trout (name not given)
in the U.S.S.R.
6. The tuizas
As is well known, a number of species of tuna form the basis of a
global complex of fisheries that is participated in by many nations.
The catch has doubled in past decades and Chapman (1962) estimates
that it will doublo again in a comparable time. There is, therefore, an
increasing emphasis on the need for world-wide management programs similar to that already in effect through the International
Tropical Tuna Commission. A significant step in this direction was
taken by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
when it organized " The World Scientific Meeting on the Biology of
Tuna and Related Species " under the leadership of Dr. H. Rosa, Jr.
(Rosa, 1963).
The contribution that population genetics can make to the identification and delineation of tuna populations has been stressed by Marr
and Sprague (Marr, 1962b ; Marr and Sprague, 1962). This w&s recognized by a resolution passed at the World Meeting, which also urged
the vigorous pursuit of studies in this field, established a Tuna Blood
Group Centcr at the US. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Biological
Laboratory at Honolulu, and adopted the report on blood group
nomenclature arisine from the Pacific Tuna Biology Conference at
Honolulu 1962 (Marr, 1962a). A t present the investigation of the
blood groups of tuna is being conducted in the Honolulu laboratory
by Dr. Lucian Sprague and his associates and by W. Klawe and
J. Joseph in the International TropicaI Tuna Commission, San Diego.
Dr. Akimi Suzuki and his collaborators have made extensive and
significant contributions from the Nankai Regional Fisheries
Laboratory at Koehi, Japan.
Serological observations on tuna began with the discovery in the
serums of some yellowfin tuna (Thunnua albacarea (Bonnat.)) and
oceanic skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis (L.)) of agglutinins specifically
reactive with human B agglutinogen, and other agglutinins reactive
with human cells irrespective of type (Cushing, 1962a, b). This finding
ww followed by the demonstration of four phenogroups of skipjack,