14
DAVID M. GATE8
several plant factors one can obtain a epecific leaf temperature and
transpiration rate. The author has done this and is publishing a oomplete compilation in the near future. Within such a tabulation one o m
vary any single environmental variable and any plant characteristic
and predict the consequence concerning leaf temperature and tramp&tion rate. This clearly demonstrates that environmental problems a m
complex and consist of a temperature surface in a multi-dimensional
space.
A. ENERGY EXCHANGE FOR SPECIAL ECOSYSTEMS
1. Soil habitats - plant roots or animal burrows in the ground.
a. Solar and thermal radiation-zero-non-existent.
b. Convection term - zero.
c. Conduction term - dominant. Plant root is essentially at the
soil temperature. Animal body temperature may differ considerably
from the soil and exchange energy with the soil by conduction.
d. Evaporation-small, but may be very significant for an
animal. Water may transfer from soil to plant root m liquid or
m vapor.
a. Solar radiation, spectrum greatly reduced in extent with no
infrared, and relatively strong in blue and ultraviolet. No infrared
thermal radiation exchanged in water. Light intensity often weak
and attenuated with depth.
b. Convection term - only significant if animal body temperature markedly differs from water temperature. Particularly significant for moving water over warm bodies. Plant temperatures
usually at water temperature and therefore no convection exchange of energy.
c. Conduction - generally s&mc aa for convection.
d. Evaporation - zero.
a. Rooms, caves, etc.
(i) Solar radiation weak or zero. Artificial illumination usually
relatively low.
Thermal radiation - from walls of room or cave may dominate
the energy input to the plant or animal.
(ii) Convection - generally weak unless there is strong forced
ventilation.
(iii) Conduction - ueually small.
(iv) Evaporation - may be significant through breathing or
sweating.
2. Aquatic habitats - lakes, ponds, oceans, rivers, bogs, etc.
3. Terrestrial habitat.
DAVID M. GATE8
several plant factors one can obtain a epecific leaf temperature and
transpiration rate. The author has done this and is publishing a oomplete compilation in the near future. Within such a tabulation one o m
vary any single environmental variable and any plant characteristic
and predict the consequence concerning leaf temperature and tramp&tion rate. This clearly demonstrates that environmental problems a m
complex and consist of a temperature surface in a multi-dimensional
space.
A. ENERGY EXCHANGE FOR SPECIAL ECOSYSTEMS
1. Soil habitats - plant roots or animal burrows in the ground.
a. Solar and thermal radiation-zero-non-existent.
b. Convection term - zero.
c. Conduction term - dominant. Plant root is essentially at the
soil temperature. Animal body temperature may differ considerably
from the soil and exchange energy with the soil by conduction.
d. Evaporation-small, but may be very significant for an
animal. Water may transfer from soil to plant root m liquid or
m vapor.
a. Solar radiation, spectrum greatly reduced in extent with no
infrared, and relatively strong in blue and ultraviolet. No infrared
thermal radiation exchanged in water. Light intensity often weak
and attenuated with depth.
b. Convection term - only significant if animal body temperature markedly differs from water temperature. Particularly significant for moving water over warm bodies. Plant temperatures
usually at water temperature and therefore no convection exchange of energy.
c. Conduction - generally s&mc aa for convection.
d. Evaporation - zero.
a. Rooms, caves, etc.
(i) Solar radiation weak or zero. Artificial illumination usually
relatively low.
Thermal radiation - from walls of room or cave may dominate
the energy input to the plant or animal.
(ii) Convection - generally weak unless there is strong forced
ventilation.
(iii) Conduction - ueually small.
(iv) Evaporation - may be significant through breathing or
sweating.
2. Aquatic habitats - lakes, ponds, oceans, rivers, bogs, etc.
3. Terrestrial habitat.