EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEA URCHIN
113
A 15
-
-20 F
Ε sol.==
=ssol. Κ
FIG. 10. Immunological demonstration of the changes in the proteins of Arbacia lixula
in the course of development with special regard to the appearance of the adult-type
proteins. The anti-egg serum induces the precipitation of the fractions A, B, C, D, Ε
obtained by fractioning a solution of proteins of different embryonic stages in Weber and
Edsall fluid (A, fraction precipitated between 0 and 30 per cent of ammonium sulphate
saturation; B, between 30 and 45 per cent; C, between 45 and 60 per cent; D, between
60 and 80 per cent; E, is the fraction which remains in solution at 90 per cent of
ammonium sulphate saturation). The precipitation induced by the antiserum is indicated
by the unbroken line. The broken line indicates the antigens present following absorption
of the anti-egg serum on lyophilized powder of different embryonic stages. The anti-adult
serum was tested by the same method with the fractions F, G, Η, I, Κ obtained by precipitation with ammonium sulphate between 0 and 30 per cent of saturation (fraction F)
30 and 50 per cent) (G, 50 and 70 per cent (H), 70 and 90 per cent (I), the fraction
remaining in solution at 90 per cent being (K). (From Ranzi, 1960.)
stage on of a band exhibiting a strong alkaline phosphatase activity.*)*
This latter result confirms the observations of Mazia et al. (1948) and of
Gustafson and Hasselberg (1950) that the activity of alkaline phosphatase is very low in the unfertilized egg and begins to rise rapidly from
the mesenchyme blastula stage onwards. Since alkaline phosphatase is
fairly easy to obtain in purified form, it would be interesting to find out
whether its burst of activity at the mesenchyme blastula stage is due to
an actual synthesis of new enzyme molecules or to the activation of an
enzyme already present but for some reason hitherto inactive. In any
case, this is a question worth analysing especially in view of the fact that
alkaline phosphatase is an inducible enzyme.
The observations of Lallier (summarized in Lallier, 1958) that zinc
ions and some acid polycyclic compounds (which he has shown to act as
f Dr. Juro Ishida, Tokyo, has informed the authors of some new findings obtained in
his Laboratory which, although still unpublished, he has kindly given us permission to
quote. Extracts of acetone powder of embryos of various sea urchin genera were submitted to electrophoretic analysis using the conventional Tiselius technique. In Hemicentrotue pulcherrimus and Pseudocentrotus depressus a new component was found to
appear at the gast ula stage which, on the other hand, was not detected in extracts of
of A ntkocidaris crassispina.
113
A 15
-
-20 F
Ε sol.==
=ssol. Κ
FIG. 10. Immunological demonstration of the changes in the proteins of Arbacia lixula
in the course of development with special regard to the appearance of the adult-type
proteins. The anti-egg serum induces the precipitation of the fractions A, B, C, D, Ε
obtained by fractioning a solution of proteins of different embryonic stages in Weber and
Edsall fluid (A, fraction precipitated between 0 and 30 per cent of ammonium sulphate
saturation; B, between 30 and 45 per cent; C, between 45 and 60 per cent; D, between
60 and 80 per cent; E, is the fraction which remains in solution at 90 per cent of
ammonium sulphate saturation). The precipitation induced by the antiserum is indicated
by the unbroken line. The broken line indicates the antigens present following absorption
of the anti-egg serum on lyophilized powder of different embryonic stages. The anti-adult
serum was tested by the same method with the fractions F, G, Η, I, Κ obtained by precipitation with ammonium sulphate between 0 and 30 per cent of saturation (fraction F)
30 and 50 per cent) (G, 50 and 70 per cent (H), 70 and 90 per cent (I), the fraction
remaining in solution at 90 per cent being (K). (From Ranzi, 1960.)
stage on of a band exhibiting a strong alkaline phosphatase activity.*)*
This latter result confirms the observations of Mazia et al. (1948) and of
Gustafson and Hasselberg (1950) that the activity of alkaline phosphatase is very low in the unfertilized egg and begins to rise rapidly from
the mesenchyme blastula stage onwards. Since alkaline phosphatase is
fairly easy to obtain in purified form, it would be interesting to find out
whether its burst of activity at the mesenchyme blastula stage is due to
an actual synthesis of new enzyme molecules or to the activation of an
enzyme already present but for some reason hitherto inactive. In any
case, this is a question worth analysing especially in view of the fact that
alkaline phosphatase is an inducible enzyme.
The observations of Lallier (summarized in Lallier, 1958) that zinc
ions and some acid polycyclic compounds (which he has shown to act as
f Dr. Juro Ishida, Tokyo, has informed the authors of some new findings obtained in
his Laboratory which, although still unpublished, he has kindly given us permission to
quote. Extracts of acetone powder of embryos of various sea urchin genera were submitted to electrophoretic analysis using the conventional Tiselius technique. In Hemicentrotue pulcherrimus and Pseudocentrotus depressus a new component was found to
appear at the gast ula stage which, on the other hand, was not detected in extracts of
of A ntkocidaris crassispina.