V. BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING OF SHIGELLA
187
cells have been demonstrated in S. dysenteriue 0: 1-10, S. boydii 0:l: 15,
S. $exnevi 0 : 2 a and 6, and S. sonnei (Edwards and Ewing, 1972; Slopek,
E. Serology and biotype
The stability of the biotyping scheme developed by BojlCn (1934) for
ShigeZZu has been verified by Hammarstrom (1 949), Szturm-Rubinsten
(1957, 1961, 1965, 1972), Slopek (1973), and ZieschC and Rische (1973).
Each serotype is divided into a few distinct stable biotypes which may be
employed in epidemiological typing. Bioty ping has been used alone
(Szturm-Rubinsten, 1964), with phage typing (Hammarstrom, 1949) or
with colicin typing (ZieschC and Rische, 1973). As an example, Table V
shows the S. Jlexneri biotypes.
T A B L E V
Biotypes of Shigella pexneri
'1 973).
Serotype
1 2 3 4 5
6
Biotype
. .
Characteristic
1 2 3 4 5 6
+ + +
Gas (from glucose)
- - - - - - - -
+ - - +
Dulcitol
+ - - +
Glycerol
Mannitol
+ + + + + - + + - + +
- - - - - - -
- - - - - - -
Reference: Slopek (1973).
Characteristic
Serotypes
1-5
Serotype
6
Dulcitol
Lactose
ONPGb
Mannitol
Saccharose
Xylose
Indole
Ornithose
Arginine
Gas production (glucose)
Raffinose
Glycerol
Reference: Ewing et al. (1971).
a + , positive reaction of 90% or more of isolates; - , negative reactions of 90%
or more of isolates; d, different reactions, positive reactions in 11-89% of isolates.
ONPG = ortho-nitrophenyl- @-D-galactopyranoside reaction.