V. BACTERIOPHAGE TYPING OF SHICELLA
181
T A B L E I
Species differentiation within the genus Shigellaa
Group A
Group B
Group C
Group D
Characteristics S. dysenteriae
S. JEexneri
S. boydii
S. sonnei
No. of 0-anti10
Dulcitol
-(lo) (+serogens
type 5 )
Lactose
- (0)
ONPGb
-' ( 5 0 ) C
Mannitol
-
Saccharose
- (0)
Xylose
- (4)
Indole
d (44)
Ornithine
- (0)
Arginine
- (2)
8 ( + subserogroups)
- (0.2)2
151
1
a Numbers in parentheses indicate percentage with positive reaction (Edwards
et al., 1971). Such figures may show geographical differences. + indicates 90% or
more positive within two days, - indicates 90% or more no reaction, d indicates
different reactions (positive reactions in 11-89%). Uniformly negative genus
characteristics : oxidase, adonitol, citrate, urease, gelatinase, production of acetylmethylcarbinol, by some decarboxylation, HzS, KCN, phenylalanine deaminase.
All strains of serogroups A-C do not produce gas.
Two provisional serogroups in addition (Slopek, 1968).
+ some serotype 6 strains; type 6, 80% + ; type X, 86%; type Y, 100%.
Rare mannitol+strains in subgroup 3 (Report, 1958).
- some serotype 6 and serotype 4a strains (Carpenter, 1974; Slopek, 1968;
Edwards and Ewing, 1972; Ewing, 1949; Ewing et al., 1971).
Negative for all types, but percentage positive in serosubgroups (serotype) 3,
7504,; type 4, 28%; type 6 and 10, 100%; type 11, 34%; type 12, 14%.
I
J 0.1 % positive after only one day 88% delayed positive.
b ONPG = ortho-nitrophenyl-B-D-galactopyranoside reaction.
All S. dysenteriae type 1 are ONPG positive, all type 5, 8, 10 strains negative,
other species types are intermediate.
S-R variation is frequently accompanied by a loss of 0-antigen and
emergence of the R-antigen. Serological relationships exist between
Shigella and other enterobacteria, particularly Salmonella and Escherichia
(0rskov et al., 1977).
The 0-specific polysaccharide of S. dysenteriue type 3 is an acidic
branched hexosaminoglycan. The repeating unit is a pentasaccharide
composed of D-galactosamine, D-glucopyranose, and an unidentified acidic
component with galactofuranoside-glucosidic linkage (Dmitriev et al.,
1973, 1975a, b).
181
T A B L E I
Species differentiation within the genus Shigellaa
Group A
Group B
Group C
Group D
Characteristics S. dysenteriae
S. JEexneri
S. boydii
S. sonnei
No. of 0-anti10
Dulcitol
-(lo) (+serogens
type 5 )
Lactose
- (0)
ONPGb
-' ( 5 0 ) C
Mannitol
-
Saccharose
- (0)
Xylose
- (4)
Indole
d (44)
Ornithine
- (0)
Arginine
- (2)
8 ( + subserogroups)
- (0.2)2
151
1
a Numbers in parentheses indicate percentage with positive reaction (Edwards
et al., 1971). Such figures may show geographical differences. + indicates 90% or
more positive within two days, - indicates 90% or more no reaction, d indicates
different reactions (positive reactions in 11-89%). Uniformly negative genus
characteristics : oxidase, adonitol, citrate, urease, gelatinase, production of acetylmethylcarbinol, by some decarboxylation, HzS, KCN, phenylalanine deaminase.
All strains of serogroups A-C do not produce gas.
Two provisional serogroups in addition (Slopek, 1968).
+ some serotype 6 strains; type 6, 80% + ; type X, 86%; type Y, 100%.
Rare mannitol+strains in subgroup 3 (Report, 1958).
- some serotype 6 and serotype 4a strains (Carpenter, 1974; Slopek, 1968;
Edwards and Ewing, 1972; Ewing, 1949; Ewing et al., 1971).
Negative for all types, but percentage positive in serosubgroups (serotype) 3,
7504,; type 4, 28%; type 6 and 10, 100%; type 11, 34%; type 12, 14%.
I
J 0.1 % positive after only one day 88% delayed positive.
b ONPG = ortho-nitrophenyl-B-D-galactopyranoside reaction.
All S. dysenteriae type 1 are ONPG positive, all type 5, 8, 10 strains negative,
other species types are intermediate.
S-R variation is frequently accompanied by a loss of 0-antigen and
emergence of the R-antigen. Serological relationships exist between
Shigella and other enterobacteria, particularly Salmonella and Escherichia
(0rskov et al., 1977).
The 0-specific polysaccharide of S. dysenteriue type 3 is an acidic
branched hexosaminoglycan. The repeating unit is a pentasaccharide
composed of D-galactosamine, D-glucopyranose, and an unidentified acidic
component with galactofuranoside-glucosidic linkage (Dmitriev et al.,
1973, 1975a, b).