578
SUBJECT INDEX
Peishan Desert, 85
Peruvian desert, see also Atacama Desert
climate, 104, 225
groundwater recharge in, 15
lichens of, 187-188
soils of, 89
Petra, Saudi Arabia, 547-548
Petrocalcic horizon, 38
in Argids, 40
in Orthids, 41, 42
pH
effects on fishes, 420-421
hydrogen sulfide toxicity and, 432
Phanerogams, 187
Phenology, in insects, 363-371
Phosphorus, 62-66, 68
Photosynthesis
ecological types and, 241
factors affecting, 265
optimal temperature for, 197-198
Phreatophytes, 16
Pickleweed, 16
Pigment
as fungal light filter, 201
in insects, 358-360, 362
Piman Indians, 493, 494, 511-512
area inhabited by, 494
relations with other peoples, 516-517,
520
shelter, 516, 519
tools, 516, 519
Pipings, 51
Plains killifish, 426, 442, 444
Planaria, 459
Plankton, 455
Plants, see Vegetation
Playas
formation, 398
soils of, 42
Pleistocene, rainfall during, 22
Poeciliid fishes, 401, 410, 445, 458, 467
Pollens, 110
Pollution, 428
Pools, in Sahara Desert, 129, 131
Porcupine, 510
Potassium, 59, 60, 70, 280
deficiency, 67
effect on protoplasm, 283
in groundwater, 18, 20
in insect urine formation, 328
plant requirement for, 283
in soils, 66
water résorption and, 333
Precambrian, Saharan, 107, 108
Precipitation, 224-225
annual, 33
diffuse and contracted vegetation and,
218-219
effective, 498
measurement, 214
nitrogen and, 62
radioactive debris and, 71
recharge rates and, 13
in Sahara Desert, 110-114
saline soils and, 275
of silicates, 57
in Sonoran Desert, 494, 496, 504-505,
509
water supply of plants and, 214-218
Pressure, groundwater motion and, 3, 4-5
Pressure potential, 243
Prickly pears, 500, 506, 509, 515
Protocerebrum, 331
Protoplasm
effects of ions on, 281-285
hydration of, 225-229, 232-234, 255
Protozoa, 75
Pruina, 192
Psamments, 37
vegetation in, 46
Psammophils
morphological adaptations, 356
of Sahara Desert, 150-151
Psocids, water vapor absorption in, 340
Puerto Rico, halophytes of, 288
Puna Desert, climate, 224
Pupfish
dispersion, 442, 445
ecology, 408-409, 430, 433
feeding, 467, 469
reproduction and development,
456-458, 459, 460, 461-462, 465
Purgatory Series, 56
Pyramid Lake, Nevada, 399
Pyrenolichenes, 188
Q
Quarternary
Saharan, 107
seas of, 399
SUBJECT INDEX
Peishan Desert, 85
Peruvian desert, see also Atacama Desert
climate, 104, 225
groundwater recharge in, 15
lichens of, 187-188
soils of, 89
Petra, Saudi Arabia, 547-548
Petrocalcic horizon, 38
in Argids, 40
in Orthids, 41, 42
pH
effects on fishes, 420-421
hydrogen sulfide toxicity and, 432
Phanerogams, 187
Phenology, in insects, 363-371
Phosphorus, 62-66, 68
Photosynthesis
ecological types and, 241
factors affecting, 265
optimal temperature for, 197-198
Phreatophytes, 16
Pickleweed, 16
Pigment
as fungal light filter, 201
in insects, 358-360, 362
Piman Indians, 493, 494, 511-512
area inhabited by, 494
relations with other peoples, 516-517,
520
shelter, 516, 519
tools, 516, 519
Pipings, 51
Plains killifish, 426, 442, 444
Planaria, 459
Plankton, 455
Plants, see Vegetation
Playas
formation, 398
soils of, 42
Pleistocene, rainfall during, 22
Poeciliid fishes, 401, 410, 445, 458, 467
Pollens, 110
Pollution, 428
Pools, in Sahara Desert, 129, 131
Porcupine, 510
Potassium, 59, 60, 70, 280
deficiency, 67
effect on protoplasm, 283
in groundwater, 18, 20
in insect urine formation, 328
plant requirement for, 283
in soils, 66
water résorption and, 333
Precambrian, Saharan, 107, 108
Precipitation, 224-225
annual, 33
diffuse and contracted vegetation and,
218-219
effective, 498
measurement, 214
nitrogen and, 62
radioactive debris and, 71
recharge rates and, 13
in Sahara Desert, 110-114
saline soils and, 275
of silicates, 57
in Sonoran Desert, 494, 496, 504-505,
509
water supply of plants and, 214-218
Pressure, groundwater motion and, 3, 4-5
Pressure potential, 243
Prickly pears, 500, 506, 509, 515
Protocerebrum, 331
Protoplasm
effects of ions on, 281-285
hydration of, 225-229, 232-234, 255
Protozoa, 75
Pruina, 192
Psamments, 37
vegetation in, 46
Psammophils
morphological adaptations, 356
of Sahara Desert, 150-151
Psocids, water vapor absorption in, 340
Puerto Rico, halophytes of, 288
Puna Desert, climate, 224
Pupfish
dispersion, 442, 445
ecology, 408-409, 430, 433
feeding, 467, 469
reproduction and development,
456-458, 459, 460, 461-462, 465
Purgatory Series, 56
Pyramid Lake, Nevada, 399
Pyrenolichenes, 188
Q
Quarternary
Saharan, 107
seas of, 399