SUBJECT INDEX
569
lichens of, 192
succulents of, 271
Chlorides, 43, 59, 60, 70
accumulation in halophytes, 285-292
amino acid synthesis and, 293
effects on plants, 70
effects on protoplasm, 283, 284-285
in groundwater, 18, 20, 277
halophyte uptake of, 285, 286,
295-297, 300
in Mesembryanthemoideae, 272
origin of, 279
in Sahara Desert, 128
in saline soils, 274
Chlorosis, 70
saline soils and, 293
Cholla cactus, 202, 500, 506, 509, 515
Chub, 438, 439
Cicada, activity cycles, 369-370
Cicada wasp, 370
Cichlid fishes
ecology, 400-401, 405, 415, 418
response to desert conditions, 444, 445,
458, 460, 466, 468
Citrus trees, salt tolerance, 18
Clam, 514
Clariid catfish, 405
Clay, 42-44, 52
in Argids, 39, 40
in argillic horizon, 37
in Great Artesian Basin, 23
in Nubian Aquifer, 21
in Orthids, 41
Saharan plains, 79
salt concentration in, 292
vegetation and, 46
water supply in, 221, 222
Climate, see also Microclimates
of arid regions, 224
of central Asian deserts, 224, 225
in Death Valley, 104
desert boundaries and, 34
of Sahara Desert, 104, 109-123, 224,
225
saline soils and, 275, 277
soil development and, 35-36
of Sonoran Desert, 224, 271, 496-498,
504-505, 509
typical, 103
Clothing, of Piman Indians, 515-516, 522
Coal, 523
Coati, 510
Cobbles, 47
Cochimi, 493
Cockroach
activity cycles in, 365-368, 371
body temperature, 353
morphological adaptations, 357
temperature tolerance, 349
water balance, 320, 333, 334, 336,
340-342, 343, 344-346, 347
Cocomaricopas, 493
Cocopas, 493
Piman Indians and, 516
Coleopterans
in fishes' diets, 466
microclimate and, 156
Collembolans, 312
Colocynth, root system, 142
Colorado chub, 416, 468, 511
Colorado River, 387, 388, 392, 399, 501
Colorado squawfish, 439, 455, 466, 511
Competition, fish population and,
450-454
Concentration, in locusts, 364-365
Connecticut, halophytes of, 286-287
Coonamble Downs Desert, 67
Copper, 67-68
Copropel, in fishes' diets, 467
Corn, 517, 519
Corpora allata, 331
Corpora cardiaca, 331
Cotton, 520, 522
Cottonwood, 16, 392, 510
Coyote, 504
Creosote bush, 90, 340, 499, 506
Cretaceous, 23
Saharan, 109
Cricket
morphological adaptations, 356
phenology, 363
water vapor absorption in, 344
Crimean Peninsula, soils of, 278
Croaker, 446
Crucian carp, 429
Crustaceans
amphipod, in fishes' diets, 466, 467
isopod, 312
Cucurbits, 142, 517, 519
Cui-ui, 455
569
lichens of, 192
succulents of, 271
Chlorides, 43, 59, 60, 70
accumulation in halophytes, 285-292
amino acid synthesis and, 293
effects on plants, 70
effects on protoplasm, 283, 284-285
in groundwater, 18, 20, 277
halophyte uptake of, 285, 286,
295-297, 300
in Mesembryanthemoideae, 272
origin of, 279
in Sahara Desert, 128
in saline soils, 274
Chlorosis, 70
saline soils and, 293
Cholla cactus, 202, 500, 506, 509, 515
Chub, 438, 439
Cicada, activity cycles, 369-370
Cicada wasp, 370
Cichlid fishes
ecology, 400-401, 405, 415, 418
response to desert conditions, 444, 445,
458, 460, 466, 468
Citrus trees, salt tolerance, 18
Clam, 514
Clariid catfish, 405
Clay, 42-44, 52
in Argids, 39, 40
in argillic horizon, 37
in Great Artesian Basin, 23
in Nubian Aquifer, 21
in Orthids, 41
Saharan plains, 79
salt concentration in, 292
vegetation and, 46
water supply in, 221, 222
Climate, see also Microclimates
of arid regions, 224
of central Asian deserts, 224, 225
in Death Valley, 104
desert boundaries and, 34
of Sahara Desert, 104, 109-123, 224,
225
saline soils and, 275, 277
soil development and, 35-36
of Sonoran Desert, 224, 271, 496-498,
504-505, 509
typical, 103
Clothing, of Piman Indians, 515-516, 522
Coal, 523
Coati, 510
Cobbles, 47
Cochimi, 493
Cockroach
activity cycles in, 365-368, 371
body temperature, 353
morphological adaptations, 357
temperature tolerance, 349
water balance, 320, 333, 334, 336,
340-342, 343, 344-346, 347
Cocomaricopas, 493
Cocopas, 493
Piman Indians and, 516
Coleopterans
in fishes' diets, 466
microclimate and, 156
Collembolans, 312
Colocynth, root system, 142
Colorado chub, 416, 468, 511
Colorado River, 387, 388, 392, 399, 501
Colorado squawfish, 439, 455, 466, 511
Competition, fish population and,
450-454
Concentration, in locusts, 364-365
Connecticut, halophytes of, 286-287
Coonamble Downs Desert, 67
Copper, 67-68
Copropel, in fishes' diets, 467
Corn, 517, 519
Corpora allata, 331
Corpora cardiaca, 331
Cotton, 520, 522
Cottonwood, 16, 392, 510
Coyote, 504
Creosote bush, 90, 340, 499, 506
Cretaceous, 23
Saharan, 109
Cricket
morphological adaptations, 356
phenology, 363
water vapor absorption in, 344
Crimean Peninsula, soils of, 278
Croaker, 446
Crucian carp, 429
Crustaceans
amphipod, in fishes' diets, 466, 467
isopod, 312
Cucurbits, 142, 517, 519
Cui-ui, 455