168
E. IMRE FRIEDMANN AND MARGALITH GALUN
Blue-green algae: Schizothrix calcicola (Ag.) Gom., Microcoleus
chtonoplastes (Mert.) Zanard., and Microcoleus vaginatus (Vauch.)
Gom.; also Nostoc muscorum Ag., Scytonema hofmannii Ag., Forphyrosiphon juscus Gom., Microcoleus paludosus (Kiitz.) Crouan;
and in less xeric environments Nostoc ellipsosporum Rabenh., Symploca kieneri Drouet, Symploca muscorum (Ag.) Gom., Oscillatoria
brevis Kiitz., Microcoleus lyngbyaceus (Kiitz.) Crouan, Schizothrix
macbridei Drouet, Calothrix parietina (Näg.) Thur., Anacystis montant* (Lightf.) Drouet et Daily, Anacystis thermalis (Menegh.)
Drouet et Daily, Anacystis marina (Hansg.) Drouet et Daily, Coccochloris peniocystis (Kiitz.) Drouet et Daily, and Coccochloris
stagnina Spreng.
Cameron's results are based on a rather broad view of the species concept and followers of a more differentiating taxonomy may arrive at a dissimilar conclusion. Data presented in the following survey of desert algal
habitats seem to indicate that the floristic composition of each is distinctive
and characteristic. If the taxonomic principles on which their descriptions
have been based prove valid, species such as Calothrix desertica Schwabe,
Schizothrix atacamensis Schwabe, Friedmannia israeliensis Chantanchat et
Bold, and the yet incompletely studied endolithic Gloeocapsa spp. may
be restricted in their occurrence to certain well-defined desert habitats.
C. DESERT ALGAL HABITATS
The following scheme of desert algal habitats proposed by Friedmann
et al. (1967) and based on conditions in the Negev Desert can be conveniently used for a general survey (Fig. 1 ) :
1. Edaphic (soil) algae
a. Endedaphic algae
b. Epedaphic algae
c. Hypolithic algae
2. Lithophytic (rock) algae
a. Chasmolithic algae
b. Endolithic algae
1. Edaphic (Soil) Algae
Edaphic (soil) algae live in or in direct contact with the soil.
a. Endedaphic Algae. These live in soil. They have been reported in
desert and semidesert areas in many parts of the world (Bolyshev, 1968;
Bolyshev and Manucharova, 1947; But, 1967; Cameron, 1963, 1964a,b,
1969; Cameron and Blank, 1965, 1966; Cameron et ai, 1970a; Chantana-
E. IMRE FRIEDMANN AND MARGALITH GALUN
Blue-green algae: Schizothrix calcicola (Ag.) Gom., Microcoleus
chtonoplastes (Mert.) Zanard., and Microcoleus vaginatus (Vauch.)
Gom.; also Nostoc muscorum Ag., Scytonema hofmannii Ag., Forphyrosiphon juscus Gom., Microcoleus paludosus (Kiitz.) Crouan;
and in less xeric environments Nostoc ellipsosporum Rabenh., Symploca kieneri Drouet, Symploca muscorum (Ag.) Gom., Oscillatoria
brevis Kiitz., Microcoleus lyngbyaceus (Kiitz.) Crouan, Schizothrix
macbridei Drouet, Calothrix parietina (Näg.) Thur., Anacystis montant* (Lightf.) Drouet et Daily, Anacystis thermalis (Menegh.)
Drouet et Daily, Anacystis marina (Hansg.) Drouet et Daily, Coccochloris peniocystis (Kiitz.) Drouet et Daily, and Coccochloris
stagnina Spreng.
Cameron's results are based on a rather broad view of the species concept and followers of a more differentiating taxonomy may arrive at a dissimilar conclusion. Data presented in the following survey of desert algal
habitats seem to indicate that the floristic composition of each is distinctive
and characteristic. If the taxonomic principles on which their descriptions
have been based prove valid, species such as Calothrix desertica Schwabe,
Schizothrix atacamensis Schwabe, Friedmannia israeliensis Chantanchat et
Bold, and the yet incompletely studied endolithic Gloeocapsa spp. may
be restricted in their occurrence to certain well-defined desert habitats.
C. DESERT ALGAL HABITATS
The following scheme of desert algal habitats proposed by Friedmann
et al. (1967) and based on conditions in the Negev Desert can be conveniently used for a general survey (Fig. 1 ) :
1. Edaphic (soil) algae
a. Endedaphic algae
b. Epedaphic algae
c. Hypolithic algae
2. Lithophytic (rock) algae
a. Chasmolithic algae
b. Endolithic algae
1. Edaphic (Soil) Algae
Edaphic (soil) algae live in or in direct contact with the soil.
a. Endedaphic Algae. These live in soil. They have been reported in
desert and semidesert areas in many parts of the world (Bolyshev, 1968;
Bolyshev and Manucharova, 1947; But, 1967; Cameron, 1963, 1964a,b,
1969; Cameron and Blank, 1965, 1966; Cameron et ai, 1970a; Chantana-