Rift onset -- Time (millions of years)
0
20
40
60
80
7
~o
.u
::t.
v
100
._L.
Rift phase ~
~-- Thermal cooling phase
Pre-rift phase
v I0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0
'
i
"i
i
' i
|
|
= 1.25
v
-- 1.5
= 1.75
d
Fig. 10.10. Illustration of the McKenzie model for basin formation by lithospheric stretching. (Upper) Graph
of heat flux against time for various/3 factors. (Lower) Graph of subsidence against time for various 13 factors.
(Developed from McKenzie, 1978.)
Table 10.1
Classification of Sedimentary Basins
Generating process
Basin type
Plate tectonic setting
Crustal sag
Tension
Compression
Wrenching
Intracratonic basin
" Epicratonic downwarp }
T
9 Rift
{Trench}
Fore-arc
Back-arc
Strike-slip
Intraplate collapse
Passive plate margin
Sea floor spreading
Subduction (active
plate margin)
Lateral plate movement