516
References
Silva Sandoval, N., and S. Neshyba (1977) Surface currents off the southern coast of Chile. Cienc.
Technol. Mar. 3, 37–42.
Simpson, J. H. (1981) The shelf sea fronts: Implications of their existence and behaviour. Proc. R.
Soc. London A 302, 531–546.
Simpson, J.H. (1998) The Celtic Seas In—The Sea, Vol. 12, The Global Coastal Ocean (A.R. Robinson
and K.H. Brink, Eds.), pp. 659–698. Wiley InterScience, London.
Sinclair, M. (1988) Marine Populations. University of Washington Press, Seattle, WA.
Skjoldal, H.R., and F. Rey (1989) Pelagic production and variability of the Barents Sea Ecosystem.
In—Biomass Yields and Geography of Large Marine Ecosystems (K. Sherman and L.M. Alexander,
Eds.), AAAS Selected Symposium, pp. 173–186. AAAS, Washington.
Skjoldal, H.R., and R. Saetre (2004) Food webs and trophic interactions. In—The Norwegian Sea
Ecosystem (H.R. Skjoldal, Ed.), pp. 507–534. Tapir Academic Press.
Smetacek, V.H. (2001) A watery arms race. Nature (Lond). 411, 745.
Smetacek, V.H., and U. Passow (1990) Spring bloom initiation and Sverdrup’s critical depth model.
Limnol. Oceanogr. 35, 228–234.
Smetacek, V.H., et al. (1984) Seasonal stages characterizing the annual cycle of an inshore pelagic
system. Rapp. Proc. Verb. Réun. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer. 183, 126–135.
Smetacek, V.H., et al. (1990) Seasonal and regional variation in the pelagial and its relationship to
the life history of krill. In—Antarctic Ecosystems. Ecological Change and Conservation (K.R. Kerry
and G. Hempel, Eds.), pp. 103–114. Springer, Berlin.
Smetacek, V.H., et al. (1992) Early spring phytoplankton blooms in ice platelet layers of the
southern Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Deep-Sea Res. 39, 153–168.
Smetacek, V.H., et al. (1997) Ecology and biochemistry of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current during
austral spring: A summary of SO JGOFS ANT X/6 of R.V. Polarstern. Deep-Sea Res. II. 44, 1–22.
Smetacek, V.H., et al. (2002) Mesoscale distribution of dominant diatom species relative to the
hydrographic field along the Antarctic Polar Front. Deep-Sea Res. II. 49, 3835–3848.
Smetacek, V.H., et al. (2004) The role of grazing in structuring Southern Ocean pelagic ecosystems
and biogeochemical cycles. Antarct. Sci. 16, 541–558.
Smith, P.C., and B. Petrie (1982) Low-frequency circulation at the edge of the Scotian shelf. J. Phys.
Oceanogr. 12, 28–46.
Smith, P.C., and H. Sandstrom (1986) Shelf edge processes. Bedford Inst. Oceanogr. Rev. 1986, 40–46.
Smith, P.E., et al. (1992) Life-stage duration and survival parameters as related to interdecadal
population variation in Pacific sardine. Rep. Cal. Coop. Fish. Invest. 33, 41–49.
Smith, R.C. (1981) Remote sensing and depth distribution of chlorophyll. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 5,
359–361.
Smith, R.E.H., et al. (1987) Intracellular photosynthate allocation and the control of Arctic marine
ice algal production. J. Phycol. 23, 124–132.
Smith, R.L. (1981a) Circulation patterns in upwelling regimes. In—Coastal Upwelling
(F. W. Richards, Ed.), pp. 13–35. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C.
Smith, R.L. (1981b) A comparison of the structure and variability of the flow field in three coastal
upwelling systems: Oregon, northwest Africa and Peru. In—Coastal Upwelling (F.W. Richards,
Ed.), pp. 107–118. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C.
Smith, R.L., and J.S. Bottero (1977) On upwelling in the Arabian Sea. In—A Voyage of Discovery
(M. Angel, Ed.), pp. 291–304. Pergamon, London.
Smith, R.L., et al. (1991b) The Leeuwin Current off Australia, 1986–1987. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 21,
323–345.
Smith, S.L. (1982) The northwest Indian Ocean during the monsoons of 1979: distribution, abundance and feeding of zooplankton. Deep-Sea Res. 29, 1331–1353.
Smith, S.L. (1984) Biological indications of active upwelling in the NW Indian Ocean in 1964 and
1979, and a comparison with Peru and NW Africa. Deep-Sea Res. I. 31, 951–967.
Smith, S.L., and M. Madhupratap (2005) Mesozooplankton of the Arabian Sea: patterns influenced
by seasons, upwelling and oxygen concentrations. Prog. Oceanogr. 65, 214–239.
Smith, S.L., and S.B. Schnack-Schiel (1990) Polar zooplankton. In—Polar Oceanography, (Ed. W.O.
Smith, Jr.), pp. 527–597. Academic Press, San Diego.
Smith, S.L., et al. (1998a) The 1994–96 Arabian Sea Expedition. Deep-Sea Res. II. 45, 1905–1916.
Smith, S.L., et al. (1998b) Seasonal response of zooplankton to monsoonal reversals in the Arabian
Sea. Deep-Sea Res. II. 45, 2369–2403.
References
Silva Sandoval, N., and S. Neshyba (1977) Surface currents off the southern coast of Chile. Cienc.
Technol. Mar. 3, 37–42.
Simpson, J. H. (1981) The shelf sea fronts: Implications of their existence and behaviour. Proc. R.
Soc. London A 302, 531–546.
Simpson, J.H. (1998) The Celtic Seas In—The Sea, Vol. 12, The Global Coastal Ocean (A.R. Robinson
and K.H. Brink, Eds.), pp. 659–698. Wiley InterScience, London.
Sinclair, M. (1988) Marine Populations. University of Washington Press, Seattle, WA.
Skjoldal, H.R., and F. Rey (1989) Pelagic production and variability of the Barents Sea Ecosystem.
In—Biomass Yields and Geography of Large Marine Ecosystems (K. Sherman and L.M. Alexander,
Eds.), AAAS Selected Symposium, pp. 173–186. AAAS, Washington.
Skjoldal, H.R., and R. Saetre (2004) Food webs and trophic interactions. In—The Norwegian Sea
Ecosystem (H.R. Skjoldal, Ed.), pp. 507–534. Tapir Academic Press.
Smetacek, V.H. (2001) A watery arms race. Nature (Lond). 411, 745.
Smetacek, V.H., and U. Passow (1990) Spring bloom initiation and Sverdrup’s critical depth model.
Limnol. Oceanogr. 35, 228–234.
Smetacek, V.H., et al. (1984) Seasonal stages characterizing the annual cycle of an inshore pelagic
system. Rapp. Proc. Verb. Réun. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer. 183, 126–135.
Smetacek, V.H., et al. (1990) Seasonal and regional variation in the pelagial and its relationship to
the life history of krill. In—Antarctic Ecosystems. Ecological Change and Conservation (K.R. Kerry
and G. Hempel, Eds.), pp. 103–114. Springer, Berlin.
Smetacek, V.H., et al. (1992) Early spring phytoplankton blooms in ice platelet layers of the
southern Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Deep-Sea Res. 39, 153–168.
Smetacek, V.H., et al. (1997) Ecology and biochemistry of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current during
austral spring: A summary of SO JGOFS ANT X/6 of R.V. Polarstern. Deep-Sea Res. II. 44, 1–22.
Smetacek, V.H., et al. (2002) Mesoscale distribution of dominant diatom species relative to the
hydrographic field along the Antarctic Polar Front. Deep-Sea Res. II. 49, 3835–3848.
Smetacek, V.H., et al. (2004) The role of grazing in structuring Southern Ocean pelagic ecosystems
and biogeochemical cycles. Antarct. Sci. 16, 541–558.
Smith, P.C., and B. Petrie (1982) Low-frequency circulation at the edge of the Scotian shelf. J. Phys.
Oceanogr. 12, 28–46.
Smith, P.C., and H. Sandstrom (1986) Shelf edge processes. Bedford Inst. Oceanogr. Rev. 1986, 40–46.
Smith, P.E., et al. (1992) Life-stage duration and survival parameters as related to interdecadal
population variation in Pacific sardine. Rep. Cal. Coop. Fish. Invest. 33, 41–49.
Smith, R.C. (1981) Remote sensing and depth distribution of chlorophyll. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 5,
359–361.
Smith, R.E.H., et al. (1987) Intracellular photosynthate allocation and the control of Arctic marine
ice algal production. J. Phycol. 23, 124–132.
Smith, R.L. (1981a) Circulation patterns in upwelling regimes. In—Coastal Upwelling
(F. W. Richards, Ed.), pp. 13–35. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C.
Smith, R.L. (1981b) A comparison of the structure and variability of the flow field in three coastal
upwelling systems: Oregon, northwest Africa and Peru. In—Coastal Upwelling (F.W. Richards,
Ed.), pp. 107–118. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C.
Smith, R.L., and J.S. Bottero (1977) On upwelling in the Arabian Sea. In—A Voyage of Discovery
(M. Angel, Ed.), pp. 291–304. Pergamon, London.
Smith, R.L., et al. (1991b) The Leeuwin Current off Australia, 1986–1987. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 21,
323–345.
Smith, S.L. (1982) The northwest Indian Ocean during the monsoons of 1979: distribution, abundance and feeding of zooplankton. Deep-Sea Res. 29, 1331–1353.
Smith, S.L. (1984) Biological indications of active upwelling in the NW Indian Ocean in 1964 and
1979, and a comparison with Peru and NW Africa. Deep-Sea Res. I. 31, 951–967.
Smith, S.L., and M. Madhupratap (2005) Mesozooplankton of the Arabian Sea: patterns influenced
by seasons, upwelling and oxygen concentrations. Prog. Oceanogr. 65, 214–239.
Smith, S.L., and S.B. Schnack-Schiel (1990) Polar zooplankton. In—Polar Oceanography, (Ed. W.O.
Smith, Jr.), pp. 527–597. Academic Press, San Diego.
Smith, S.L., et al. (1998a) The 1994–96 Arabian Sea Expedition. Deep-Sea Res. II. 45, 1905–1916.
Smith, S.L., et al. (1998b) Seasonal response of zooplankton to monsoonal reversals in the Arabian
Sea. Deep-Sea Res. II. 45, 2369–2403.