7
List of figures
Figure 1: Types of hydrocarbons generated from kerogen…………………………………...15
Figure 2: Number of wells drilled onshore and offshore……………………………………..16
Figure 3: Breakdown of global offshore oil production……………………………………...17
Figure 4: Trend in water depth for exploration and development drilling…………………...17
Figure 5: Global offshore production by water depth……………………………………….18
Figure 6: Gas fields and offshore operations in the Eastern Mediterranean…………………19
Figure 7: Types of offshore platforms according to the depth of the water column...............24
Figure 8: Offshore geophysical survey………………………………………………………25
Figure 9: Drilling mud flow during well phases......................................................................27
Figure 10: Accidental risks of drilling offshore at several sites around the world..................29
Figure 11: Location of the offshore oil drilling perimeter…………………………………...36
Figure 12: Skikda golf presentation.........................................................................................37
Figure 13: Presentation of wetlands - Guerbes - Sanhaja complex………………………….40
Figure 14: Industrial area of Skikda........................................................................................41
Figure 15: Evolution of the urban area of Skikda…………………………………………...45
Figure 16: Agricultural land consumption by urbanization and industrialization in Skikda..45
Figure 17: The four conceptual LCA steps…………………………………………………47
Figure 18: Limits of the analyzed system…………………………………………………..50
Figure 19: Overall structure of the SIMAPRO software interface........................................52
Figure 20: Selected impact and damage categories...............................................................56
Figure 21: Percentage of impact scores related to well sections……………………………58
Figure 22: Damage and risks scores related to well sections……………………………….59
Figure 23: Contribution scores of well sections in Human health risk..................................60
Figure 24: Main contribution of life cycle processes on Human Health risk……………….61
Figure 25: Human toxicity scores of toxic substances emitted from drilling fluid losses….62
Figure 26 (a, b): Contribution scores of well sections on the risk to Ecosystem quality…..64
Figure 27: Marine ecotoxicity scores of toxic emissions from well sections………………65
List of figures
Figure 1: Types of hydrocarbons generated from kerogen…………………………………...15
Figure 2: Number of wells drilled onshore and offshore……………………………………..16
Figure 3: Breakdown of global offshore oil production……………………………………...17
Figure 4: Trend in water depth for exploration and development drilling…………………...17
Figure 5: Global offshore production by water depth……………………………………….18
Figure 6: Gas fields and offshore operations in the Eastern Mediterranean…………………19
Figure 7: Types of offshore platforms according to the depth of the water column...............24
Figure 8: Offshore geophysical survey………………………………………………………25
Figure 9: Drilling mud flow during well phases......................................................................27
Figure 10: Accidental risks of drilling offshore at several sites around the world..................29
Figure 11: Location of the offshore oil drilling perimeter…………………………………...36
Figure 12: Skikda golf presentation.........................................................................................37
Figure 13: Presentation of wetlands - Guerbes - Sanhaja complex………………………….40
Figure 14: Industrial area of Skikda........................................................................................41
Figure 15: Evolution of the urban area of Skikda…………………………………………...45
Figure 16: Agricultural land consumption by urbanization and industrialization in Skikda..45
Figure 17: The four conceptual LCA steps…………………………………………………47
Figure 18: Limits of the analyzed system…………………………………………………..50
Figure 19: Overall structure of the SIMAPRO software interface........................................52
Figure 20: Selected impact and damage categories...............................................................56
Figure 21: Percentage of impact scores related to well sections……………………………58
Figure 22: Damage and risks scores related to well sections……………………………….59
Figure 23: Contribution scores of well sections in Human health risk..................................60
Figure 24: Main contribution of life cycle processes on Human Health risk……………….61
Figure 25: Human toxicity scores of toxic substances emitted from drilling fluid losses….62
Figure 26 (a, b): Contribution scores of well sections on the risk to Ecosystem quality…..64
Figure 27: Marine ecotoxicity scores of toxic emissions from well sections………………65