II. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND RISKS EVALUATION OF OFFSHORE DRILLING
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For each floor there are:
- Supra-littoral floor: the biocenosis of the supra-coastal rock is represented by cyanophyte
epithetic belts. This floor is mainly occupied by the black lichen Verrucaria symbalana, the
gastropods melarhaphe Littorina neritoides , Littorina punctata , Patella rustica Patella
lusitanica , Ligia italica and Pachygrapsus marmoratus.
- Upper Sub-Floor: In the 2 areas (centre and west) of the coast of the Skikda wilaya, belts
of 2 species of cirripd Chthamalus stellatus and Chthamalus montagui cover the rock
entirely. The characteristic algae are Rhodophyceae Porphyra leucosticta and Rissoella
verruculosa and Nemalion helmintoides. Zoobenthos consists of Siphonaria pectinata and P.
rustica and Trochidae Monodonta turbinata and Monodonta articulata. Also the species
encountered in the supra-littoral are: L. neritoides, Ligia italica and Pachygrapsus
marmoratus are observed at this stage.
- Lower sub-floor: The most identified characteristic species are P. caerulea, P. aspera, P.
ferruginea and P. vulgata, Siphonaria pectinata, Emarginula sicula, Diodora graeca, Murex
trunculus, Littorina punctata; Littorina neritoides; Ligia italica; Gibbula racketti and Gibbula
pennanti. The zone is also due to the strong presence of Ulvophytes, the vertical distribution
of the specimens of the algae recorded in the supra-littoral and mediolittoral zone of the
Algerian coast, the Chlorophyceae are the most abundant macroalgae followed by
Rhodophyceae. The dominant zoological group is that of the intertidal shellfish, Chthamalus
stellatus and Chthamalus montagui. They were a majority and spread over the entire Skikda
Bay. Only one specimen of pedunculate cirripd is found in this region, Mitella pollicipes ,
Pollicipes pollicipes.
Monitoring the population of the limpets by ecological descriptors has made it possible to
report six species in the Skikda Gulf that they are: Patella caerulea, P. rustica, P.aspera, P.
ferrugniea and P. saana. In addition, P. caerulea and P. rusca are the species that contributed
the most (PAM, 2018).
b. Marine flora
In general, the flora of the Skikda region is very rich and includes several rare species of
different forms: the plant species that colonize Skikda bay, which are marine species, and the
terrain. The table in appendice 1 represents the dominant flora and fauna in the Skikda region
(PAM, 2018).
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39
For each floor there are:
- Supra-littoral floor: the biocenosis of the supra-coastal rock is represented by cyanophyte
epithetic belts. This floor is mainly occupied by the black lichen Verrucaria symbalana, the
gastropods melarhaphe Littorina neritoides , Littorina punctata , Patella rustica Patella
lusitanica , Ligia italica and Pachygrapsus marmoratus.
- Upper Sub-Floor: In the 2 areas (centre and west) of the coast of the Skikda wilaya, belts
of 2 species of cirripd Chthamalus stellatus and Chthamalus montagui cover the rock
entirely. The characteristic algae are Rhodophyceae Porphyra leucosticta and Rissoella
verruculosa and Nemalion helmintoides. Zoobenthos consists of Siphonaria pectinata and P.
rustica and Trochidae Monodonta turbinata and Monodonta articulata. Also the species
encountered in the supra-littoral are: L. neritoides, Ligia italica and Pachygrapsus
marmoratus are observed at this stage.
- Lower sub-floor: The most identified characteristic species are P. caerulea, P. aspera, P.
ferruginea and P. vulgata, Siphonaria pectinata, Emarginula sicula, Diodora graeca, Murex
trunculus, Littorina punctata; Littorina neritoides; Ligia italica; Gibbula racketti and Gibbula
pennanti. The zone is also due to the strong presence of Ulvophytes, the vertical distribution
of the specimens of the algae recorded in the supra-littoral and mediolittoral zone of the
Algerian coast, the Chlorophyceae are the most abundant macroalgae followed by
Rhodophyceae. The dominant zoological group is that of the intertidal shellfish, Chthamalus
stellatus and Chthamalus montagui. They were a majority and spread over the entire Skikda
Bay. Only one specimen of pedunculate cirripd is found in this region, Mitella pollicipes ,
Pollicipes pollicipes.
Monitoring the population of the limpets by ecological descriptors has made it possible to
report six species in the Skikda Gulf that they are: Patella caerulea, P. rustica, P.aspera, P.
ferrugniea and P. saana. In addition, P. caerulea and P. rusca are the species that contributed
the most (PAM, 2018).
b. Marine flora
In general, the flora of the Skikda region is very rich and includes several rare species of
different forms: the plant species that colonize Skikda bay, which are marine species, and the
terrain. The table in appendice 1 represents the dominant flora and fauna in the Skikda region
(PAM, 2018).