.
T116 Last Resource
entirely to their liking and congregate and live among them in
sizeable numbers compared With elsewhere.
An American report, Marine Science Airs, mentioned in an
earlier chapter, records that thirty million Americans
in the
oceans, eleven million are salt—water sport sherman, .and eight
million engage in recreat«ional heating in the coastal states. All these
activities, the report, continues, are threatened by the dumpi—ng of
industrial waStes into ocean
It is estimated that pol—
lution Will increase sevenfold' by the year 2000 unless drastic
changes are“ made in the handling of waste. Accidents,occasionally
on the scale of the T array Canyon, must be expected from time to
time. What is needed is the organization, equipment and knowledge
to reduce its harmful e"ects.— The greatest menace comes from
deliberate dumping. No one minds very much if harmless waste,
which will eventually be broken down within the ocean, is involved,
but the unrestricted release of toxic or persistent pollutants could
convert coastal waters and bey0nd into poisonous-—slun‘is practically
devoid of life and useless for recreatic‘>not exploitation.
International ro—opemtz‘on
_
,
«ï
,
.
.
With so much discussion on exploration, it would be :eaSy,to
imagine that thiswætsa recent phenomen0n, whereas, in fact, one
of the earliest international organizations concerned With the-oeeans,
the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES),
‘
_ar0se from the needs of the WCst European usheries. From its
'
ofce in Copenhagen, ICES assistsmerber nations:with results of
‘hydrographic—bioloÿgical re'search’ and provides a forum _-—for…their
shery experts. ICES ms
years before: the rst
purely scientic: organization;
Association
Ÿ of
Physical
today,
international organizations devoted to the
the
—oCeans easily outnumbèr those conterned With fundamentalstäudies,
of-whic‘h" theetwo most important ones»are the Scienticomnttee
”
on— Oceanic Research (SCOR) established in —1957_iby the
national C0uncil of Scientic …Uni0ns and the— InterïgoverÏ_—nmental
‘Oceanographi‘c-Commission:(IOC);setup in1960
workoUnesco.
“
-
:
…;‘Theraimîof the IOGiS -to encourage progress-inèoceanicïinvestiga—
peaccful {us,e
…
participation in: these
?? Vital areas Ï—*;reniaÏins àïÏlargely