FOREWORD
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INTRODUCTION
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CHAPTER ONE. — Petroleums hydrocarbons in the marine environment............…...
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Natureandoriginofhydrocarbons..,..................................…....
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Thetwotypesofpollution....................…....................…..……
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Behaviour and transformation of hydrocarbons in the natural environment
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011d15persants
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CHAPTER2.—Experimentalevalùationoftoxicity......'................….……....
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The different modes of exposing organisms to petroleums products . . . . . . .
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Criteriaforevaluatingtoxicity.......................................….….…
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Long-term experiments in controlled aquatic ecosystems..….............…..……
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Experimentationsinopenwaters.............,.............…................
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CHAPTER3.—Effectsonorganisms....................................…..…..…
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Lethalandsublethaleects......................…................…........
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Tissuecontamination...........................................-....……....
Inuenceofoildispersantsontoxicity..................................….....'
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CHAPTER4.—Effectsonnaturalcommunities.._................…...…............
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Birdcommunities...............…...............................…........
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Benthiccommunities................................................….....
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Ecctsdnoildispersants....................................…..…..........
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Lessonsforthefuture.............….....................….........…...….
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Generalconclusion..….............................................…......…..
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
104112
ALPHABETICALSUBJEÇTINDEX....................…..….......…..…............
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