vi
Hands-on Applications
3.1 David Rumsey Historical Map Collection 54
3.2 Old Maps Online 58
3.3 Microsoft MapCruncher Gallery 62
3.4 An Overview of the Georeferencing Process
in ArcGIS 62
Chapter 4
Finding Your Location with the Global
Positioning System
GPS Origins, Position Measurement, Errors,
Accuracy, GNSS around the World, Applications,
and Geocaching 73
Who Made GPS? 74
What Does the Global Positioning System
Consist of? 74
How Does GPS Find Your Position? 77
Why Isn’t GPS Perfectly Accurate? 81
How Can You Get Better Accuracy from GPS? 83
What Other GNSS Are There Beyond GPS? 86
What Are Some Applications of GPS? 87
Geospatial Lab Application 4.1
GPS Applications 91
Thinking Critically with Geospatial Technology
4.1 What Happens if GPS Stops Working? 88
Hands-on Applications
4.1 Trilateration Concepts 79
4.2 Things to Do Before You Go Geocaching 89
Part 2 Geographic Information
Systems
Chapter 5
Working With Digital Spatial Data and GIS
Geographic Information Systems, Modeling the
Real World, Vector Data and Raster Data,
Attribute Data, Joining Tables, Metadata, Esri,
and ArcGIS 99
How Does GIS Represent Real-World
Items? 101
How Can You Represent the Real World as
Continuous Fields? 106
How Is Non-Spatial Data Handled by GIS? 108
What Other Kind of Information Do You Need to
Use GIS Data? 112
What Kinds of GIS Are Available? 113
Geospatial Lab Application 5.1
GIS Introduction: AEJEE Version 119
Geospatial Lab Application 5.2
GIS Introduction: ArcGIS Version 130
Thinking Critically with Geospatial Technology
5.1 What Happens When You Don’t Have
Metadata? 113
Hands-on Applications
5.1 Using GIS Online 101
5.2 ArcGIS Online 102
5.3 USGS Digital Line Graphs 106
5.4 The National Land Cover Database
(NLCD) 108
5.5 Esri TV 113
5.6 Esri ArcNews, ArcUser, and ArcWatch 117
Chapter 6
Using GIS for Spatial Analysis
Database Query and Selection, Buffers, Overlay
Operations, Geoprocessing Concepts, and
Modeling with GIS 147
How Can Data Be Retrieved From a GIS for
Analysis? 148
How Can You Perform Basic Spatial Analysis in
GIS? 151
How Can Multiple Types of Spatial Analysis
Operations Be Performed in GIS? 158
Geospatial Lab Application 6.1
GIS Spatial Analysis: AEJEE Version 164
Contents
Hands-on Applications
3.1 David Rumsey Historical Map Collection 54
3.2 Old Maps Online 58
3.3 Microsoft MapCruncher Gallery 62
3.4 An Overview of the Georeferencing Process
in ArcGIS 62
Chapter 4
Finding Your Location with the Global
Positioning System
GPS Origins, Position Measurement, Errors,
Accuracy, GNSS around the World, Applications,
and Geocaching 73
Who Made GPS? 74
What Does the Global Positioning System
Consist of? 74
How Does GPS Find Your Position? 77
Why Isn’t GPS Perfectly Accurate? 81
How Can You Get Better Accuracy from GPS? 83
What Other GNSS Are There Beyond GPS? 86
What Are Some Applications of GPS? 87
Geospatial Lab Application 4.1
GPS Applications 91
Thinking Critically with Geospatial Technology
4.1 What Happens if GPS Stops Working? 88
Hands-on Applications
4.1 Trilateration Concepts 79
4.2 Things to Do Before You Go Geocaching 89
Part 2 Geographic Information
Systems
Chapter 5
Working With Digital Spatial Data and GIS
Geographic Information Systems, Modeling the
Real World, Vector Data and Raster Data,
Attribute Data, Joining Tables, Metadata, Esri,
and ArcGIS 99
How Does GIS Represent Real-World
Items? 101
How Can You Represent the Real World as
Continuous Fields? 106
How Is Non-Spatial Data Handled by GIS? 108
What Other Kind of Information Do You Need to
Use GIS Data? 112
What Kinds of GIS Are Available? 113
Geospatial Lab Application 5.1
GIS Introduction: AEJEE Version 119
Geospatial Lab Application 5.2
GIS Introduction: ArcGIS Version 130
Thinking Critically with Geospatial Technology
5.1 What Happens When You Don’t Have
Metadata? 113
Hands-on Applications
5.1 Using GIS Online 101
5.2 ArcGIS Online 102
5.3 USGS Digital Line Graphs 106
5.4 The National Land Cover Database
(NLCD) 108
5.5 Esri TV 113
5.6 Esri ArcNews, ArcUser, and ArcWatch 117
Chapter 6
Using GIS for Spatial Analysis
Database Query and Selection, Buffers, Overlay
Operations, Geoprocessing Concepts, and
Modeling with GIS 147
How Can Data Be Retrieved From a GIS for
Analysis? 148
How Can You Perform Basic Spatial Analysis in
GIS? 151
How Can Multiple Types of Spatial Analysis
Operations Be Performed in GIS? 158
Geospatial Lab Application 6.1
GIS Spatial Analysis: AEJEE Version 164
Contents