I-19
Index
2.5D model, 382, 383f
2D model, 382, 383f
2D surfaces, translating real-world data onto, 36–38,
37f, 38f
type, on maps, 190
Typebrewer, 191
U-2 spy plane, 273
UAV. See unmanned aerial vehicle
ultraviolet (UV) light, 298–299, 298f
as atmospheric windows, 300, 300f
ozone absorption of, 300
Union, 150
union overlay, 156, 156f
United States Geologic Survey (USGS)
DEMs of, 383–386, 385f, 386f
DLGs of, 105–106, 105f
National Map of, 448–449, 448f
NLCD viewing tool of, 108
topographic maps of, 378–382, 379f, 381f
US Topo maps of, 380–381, 381f
Universal Polar Stereographic Grid System, 39
Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM),
39–41, 40f, 41f
converting to GCS, 42
in GE, 49–50
unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)
aerial photography with, 273–274
defined, 273
examples of, 274, 274f
for security purposes, 275
urban growth, with Landsat satellites, 336
urban pixel, spectral profile of, 319
US Topo series, 380–381, 381f
user segment, of GPS, 77
user-generated geospatial content, 440, 440f
USGS. See United States Geologic Survey
UTM. See Universal Transverse Mercator
UTM Zone, 39–41, 40f, 41f
UV light. See ultraviolet light
vector data model, 103–106, 103f, 104f, 105f
vector objects, 103–106, 103f, 104f, 105f
vegetation, remote sensing of, 303–304, 304f
vegetation pixel, spectral profile of, 319–321
Vegetation-2, of SPOT 5, 339
vehicle navigation systems, 89–90, 223–224, 223f, 237
vertical datum, 377
vertical exaggeration, 389–390, 390f
in AGX, 465–466
in GE, 395–396
vertical photo, 273f, 275–276
topographic map, 378–382, 379f, 381f
in AGX, 462–466
DRGs, 378–380, 379f
printed compared with digital, 382
US Topo series, 380–381, 381f
Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding
Referencing Line files (TIGER/Line files),
227–229, 228f
in AEJEE, 250–251
in ArcGIS, 263–266
downloading of, 242, 255
topology, 104–105
Tournachon, Gaspar Felix (“Nadar”), 270
transformation
affine, 59
of data to georeferenced format, 58–62, 59f, 60f, 61f
datum, 31
Transit, 74
transit cost, 234
translated data, 59, 59f
transmittance
defined, 301
in remote sensing, 301
transportation, GPS use in, 88
Transverse Mercator projection, 38–39
SPCS based on, 42
treasure hunts, with GPS, 97
trenches, aerial photography of, 271–272, 272f
Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN), 382, 383f
trilateration
determining location on map with, 79
in GPS, 78, 78f, 79f
in three dimensions, 80, 80f
Trimble Planning Software, 91–96
City . . . button, 93
examining local area GPS information with, 93–94
examining satellite visibility information with,
94–96
examining WAAS satellites, 96
Map . . . button, 93
Number of Satellites graph, 94
obtaining software for, 91–92
PDOP graph, 95–96
setup of, 92
Sky Plot, 96
Station Editor, 93
Visible Satellites graph, 94
troposphere, interference with GPS, 82, 82f
Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES), 362
true color composite, 310–311, 311f
false color composites compared to, 312
true orthophoto, 278
Index
2.5D model, 382, 383f
2D model, 382, 383f
2D surfaces, translating real-world data onto, 36–38,
37f, 38f
type, on maps, 190
Typebrewer, 191
U-2 spy plane, 273
UAV. See unmanned aerial vehicle
ultraviolet (UV) light, 298–299, 298f
as atmospheric windows, 300, 300f
ozone absorption of, 300
Union, 150
union overlay, 156, 156f
United States Geologic Survey (USGS)
DEMs of, 383–386, 385f, 386f
DLGs of, 105–106, 105f
National Map of, 448–449, 448f
NLCD viewing tool of, 108
topographic maps of, 378–382, 379f, 381f
US Topo maps of, 380–381, 381f
Universal Polar Stereographic Grid System, 39
Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM),
39–41, 40f, 41f
converting to GCS, 42
in GE, 49–50
unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)
aerial photography with, 273–274
defined, 273
examples of, 274, 274f
for security purposes, 275
urban growth, with Landsat satellites, 336
urban pixel, spectral profile of, 319
US Topo series, 380–381, 381f
user segment, of GPS, 77
user-generated geospatial content, 440, 440f
USGS. See United States Geologic Survey
UTM. See Universal Transverse Mercator
UTM Zone, 39–41, 40f, 41f
UV light. See ultraviolet light
vector data model, 103–106, 103f, 104f, 105f
vector objects, 103–106, 103f, 104f, 105f
vegetation, remote sensing of, 303–304, 304f
vegetation pixel, spectral profile of, 319–321
Vegetation-2, of SPOT 5, 339
vehicle navigation systems, 89–90, 223–224, 223f, 237
vertical datum, 377
vertical exaggeration, 389–390, 390f
in AGX, 465–466
in GE, 395–396
vertical photo, 273f, 275–276
topographic map, 378–382, 379f, 381f
in AGX, 462–466
DRGs, 378–380, 379f
printed compared with digital, 382
US Topo series, 380–381, 381f
Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding
Referencing Line files (TIGER/Line files),
227–229, 228f
in AEJEE, 250–251
in ArcGIS, 263–266
downloading of, 242, 255
topology, 104–105
Tournachon, Gaspar Felix (“Nadar”), 270
transformation
affine, 59
of data to georeferenced format, 58–62, 59f, 60f, 61f
datum, 31
Transit, 74
transit cost, 234
translated data, 59, 59f
transmittance
defined, 301
in remote sensing, 301
transportation, GPS use in, 88
Transverse Mercator projection, 38–39
SPCS based on, 42
treasure hunts, with GPS, 97
trenches, aerial photography of, 271–272, 272f
Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN), 382, 383f
trilateration
determining location on map with, 79
in GPS, 78, 78f, 79f
in three dimensions, 80, 80f
Trimble Planning Software, 91–96
City . . . button, 93
examining local area GPS information with, 93–94
examining satellite visibility information with,
94–96
examining WAAS satellites, 96
Map . . . button, 93
Number of Satellites graph, 94
obtaining software for, 91–92
PDOP graph, 95–96
setup of, 92
Sky Plot, 96
Station Editor, 93
Visible Satellites graph, 94
troposphere, interference with GPS, 82, 82f
Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES), 362
true color composite, 310–311, 311f
false color composites compared to, 312
true orthophoto, 278