G-10
Glossary
stereoscopic 3D an effect that simulates the illusion
of depth or immersion in an image by utilizing stereo
imaging techniques.
stops destinations to visit on a network.
street centerline a file containing line segments
representing roads.
Street View a component of Google Maps and
Google Earth that allows the viewer to see 360-degree
imagery around an area on a road.
Suitability Index a system whereby locations are
“ranked” according to how well they fit a set of criteria.
Sun altitude the value between 0 and 90 used in
constructing a hillshade to model the Sun’s elevation
above the terrain.
Sun azimuth the value between 0 and 360 used in
constructing a hillshade to model the Sun’s position in
the sky to show the direction of the Sun’s rays striking
the surface.
Sun-synchronous orbit an orbital path set up so that
the satellite crosses the same areas at the same local
time.
swath width the width of the ground area the
satellite is imaging.
symmetrical difference a type of GIS overlay that
retains all features from both layers except for the
features that they have in common.
temporal resolution a sensor’s capability that
determines how often it can view the same location on
the ground.
Terra the flagship satellite of the EOS program.
TES the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer
instrument onboard Aura.
texture repeating tones in an image. An element of
image interpretation.
textures graphics applied to 3D objects to create a
more realistic appearance.
thematic map a map that displays a particular theme
or feature.
three-dimensional (3D) model a model of the
terrain that allows for multiple z-values to be assigned
to each x/y coordinate location.
TIFF the Tagged Image File Format used for graphics
or images.
TIGER/Line a file produced by the U.S. Census
Bureau that contains (among other items) the line
segments that correspond with roads across the
United States.
time zones a method of measuring time around the
world, found by dividing the world into subdivisions
and relating the time in that division to the time in
Greenwich, England.
TIN Triangulated Irregular Network. A terrain model
that allows for non-equally spaced elevation points to
be used in the creation of the surface.
TIR (thermal infrared) the portion of the
electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths between
3.0 and 14.0 micrometers.
TM the Thematic Mapper sensor onboard Landsat 4
and 5.
tone the grayscale levels (from black to white) or
ranges of a color for objects present in an image. An
element of image interpretation.
topographic map a map created by the USGS to
show landscape and terrain, as well as location of
features on the land.
topology how vector objects connect to each other
(in terms of their adjacency, connectivity, and
containment) independently of the objects’ coordinates.
transit cost a value that represents how many units
(of time or distance) are used in moving across a
network edge.
translated when the unreferenced image is shifted
during the transformation.
transmittance when light passes through a target.
trilateration finding a location in relation to three
other points of reference.
true color composite an image arranged by placing
the red band in the red color gun, the green band in
the green color gun, and the blue band in the blue
color gun.
true orthophoto an orthophoto where all objects
look as if they’re being seen from directly above.
two-and-a-half-dimensional (2.5D) model a model
of the terrain that allows for a single z-value to be
assigned to each x/y coordinate location.
type the lettering used on a map.
UAV unmanned aerial vehicle—a reconnaissance
aircraft that is piloted from the ground via remote
control.
Glossary
stereoscopic 3D an effect that simulates the illusion
of depth or immersion in an image by utilizing stereo
imaging techniques.
stops destinations to visit on a network.
street centerline a file containing line segments
representing roads.
Street View a component of Google Maps and
Google Earth that allows the viewer to see 360-degree
imagery around an area on a road.
Suitability Index a system whereby locations are
“ranked” according to how well they fit a set of criteria.
Sun altitude the value between 0 and 90 used in
constructing a hillshade to model the Sun’s elevation
above the terrain.
Sun azimuth the value between 0 and 360 used in
constructing a hillshade to model the Sun’s position in
the sky to show the direction of the Sun’s rays striking
the surface.
Sun-synchronous orbit an orbital path set up so that
the satellite crosses the same areas at the same local
time.
swath width the width of the ground area the
satellite is imaging.
symmetrical difference a type of GIS overlay that
retains all features from both layers except for the
features that they have in common.
temporal resolution a sensor’s capability that
determines how often it can view the same location on
the ground.
Terra the flagship satellite of the EOS program.
TES the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer
instrument onboard Aura.
texture repeating tones in an image. An element of
image interpretation.
textures graphics applied to 3D objects to create a
more realistic appearance.
thematic map a map that displays a particular theme
or feature.
three-dimensional (3D) model a model of the
terrain that allows for multiple z-values to be assigned
to each x/y coordinate location.
TIFF the Tagged Image File Format used for graphics
or images.
TIGER/Line a file produced by the U.S. Census
Bureau that contains (among other items) the line
segments that correspond with roads across the
United States.
time zones a method of measuring time around the
world, found by dividing the world into subdivisions
and relating the time in that division to the time in
Greenwich, England.
TIN Triangulated Irregular Network. A terrain model
that allows for non-equally spaced elevation points to
be used in the creation of the surface.
TIR (thermal infrared) the portion of the
electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths between
3.0 and 14.0 micrometers.
TM the Thematic Mapper sensor onboard Landsat 4
and 5.
tone the grayscale levels (from black to white) or
ranges of a color for objects present in an image. An
element of image interpretation.
topographic map a map created by the USGS to
show landscape and terrain, as well as location of
features on the land.
topology how vector objects connect to each other
(in terms of their adjacency, connectivity, and
containment) independently of the objects’ coordinates.
transit cost a value that represents how many units
(of time or distance) are used in moving across a
network edge.
translated when the unreferenced image is shifted
during the transformation.
transmittance when light passes through a target.
trilateration finding a location in relation to three
other points of reference.
true color composite an image arranged by placing
the red band in the red color gun, the green band in
the green color gun, and the blue band in the blue
color gun.
true orthophoto an orthophoto where all objects
look as if they’re being seen from directly above.
two-and-a-half-dimensional (2.5D) model a model
of the terrain that allows for a single z-value to be
assigned to each x/y coordinate location.
type the lettering used on a map.
UAV unmanned aerial vehicle—a reconnaissance
aircraft that is piloted from the ground via remote
control.