G-5
Glossary
great circle distance the shortest distance between
two points on a spherical surface.
green band the range of wavelengths between 0.5
and 0.6 micrometers.
grid cell a square unit, representing some real-world
size, which contains a single value.
hillshade a shaded relief map of the terrain created
by modeling the position of the Sun in the sky relative
to the landscape.
HIRDLS the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder
instrument onboard Aura.
HSB the Humidity Sounder for Brazil instrument
onboard Aqua.
Hyperion the hyperspectral sensor onboard EO-1.
hyperspectral imagery remotely sensed imagery
comprised of the bands collected by a sensor capable
of sensing hundreds of bands of energy at once.
hyperspectral sensor a sensor that can
measure hundreds of different wavelength bands
simultaneously.
identity a type of GIS overlay that retains all features
from the first layer along with the features it has in
common with a second layer.
IKONOS a satellite launched in 1999 by
SpaceImaging, Inc. (now called GeoEye), which
features multispectral spatial resolution of 4 meters
and panchromatic resolution of 1 meter.
incident energy the total amount of energy (per
wavelength) that interacts with an object.
International Date Line a line of longitude that
follows a similar path as the 180th meridian (but
changes away from a straight line to accommodate
geography).
intersect a type of GIS overlay that retains the
features that are common to two layers.
Intersection the operation wherein the chosen
features are those that meet both criteria in the query.
interval data a type of numerical data in which the
difference between numbers is significant, but there is no
fixed non-arbitrary zero point associated with the data.
IR (infrared) the portion of the electromagnetic
spectrum with wavelengths between 0.7 and
100 micrometers.
join a method of linking two (or more) tables together.
JPEG the Joint Photographic Experts Group image, or
graphic file format.
junction a term used for the nodes (or places where
edges come together) in a network.
key the field that two tables have to have in
common with each other in order for the tables to
be joined.
KML Keyhole Markup Language—the file format used
for Google Earth data.
KMZ a file that is the compressed version of a KML
file.
label text placed on a map to identify features.
Landsat a long-running United States remote sensing
project that had its first satellite launched in 1972 and
continues today.
Landsat 5 the fifth Landsat mission, launched
in 1984, which carries both the TM and MSS
sensors.
Landsat 7 the seventh Landsat mission, launched in
1999, which carries the ETM+ sensor.
Landsat Scene a single image obtained by a landsat
satellite sensor.
large-scale map a map with a higher value for its
representative fraction. Such maps will usually show a
small amount of geographic area.
latitude imaginary lines on a globe north and south
of the Equator that serve as a basis of measurement in
GCS.
layout the assemblage and placement of various map
elements used in constructing a map.
LDCM the Landsat Data Continuity Mission—the
future of the Landsat program, scheduled to be
launched in 2012.
legend a graphical device used on a map as an
explanation of what the various map symbols and
color represent.
LIDAR Light Detection and Ranging. A process in
which a series of laser beams fired at the ground
from an aircraft is used for creation of highly
accurate DEMs.
line segment a single edge of a network that
corresponds to one portion of a street (for instance,
the edge between two junctions).
linear interpolation a method used in geocoding to
place an address location among a range of addresses.
Glossary
great circle distance the shortest distance between
two points on a spherical surface.
green band the range of wavelengths between 0.5
and 0.6 micrometers.
grid cell a square unit, representing some real-world
size, which contains a single value.
hillshade a shaded relief map of the terrain created
by modeling the position of the Sun in the sky relative
to the landscape.
HIRDLS the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder
instrument onboard Aura.
HSB the Humidity Sounder for Brazil instrument
onboard Aqua.
Hyperion the hyperspectral sensor onboard EO-1.
hyperspectral imagery remotely sensed imagery
comprised of the bands collected by a sensor capable
of sensing hundreds of bands of energy at once.
hyperspectral sensor a sensor that can
measure hundreds of different wavelength bands
simultaneously.
identity a type of GIS overlay that retains all features
from the first layer along with the features it has in
common with a second layer.
IKONOS a satellite launched in 1999 by
SpaceImaging, Inc. (now called GeoEye), which
features multispectral spatial resolution of 4 meters
and panchromatic resolution of 1 meter.
incident energy the total amount of energy (per
wavelength) that interacts with an object.
International Date Line a line of longitude that
follows a similar path as the 180th meridian (but
changes away from a straight line to accommodate
geography).
intersect a type of GIS overlay that retains the
features that are common to two layers.
Intersection the operation wherein the chosen
features are those that meet both criteria in the query.
interval data a type of numerical data in which the
difference between numbers is significant, but there is no
fixed non-arbitrary zero point associated with the data.
IR (infrared) the portion of the electromagnetic
spectrum with wavelengths between 0.7 and
100 micrometers.
join a method of linking two (or more) tables together.
JPEG the Joint Photographic Experts Group image, or
graphic file format.
junction a term used for the nodes (or places where
edges come together) in a network.
key the field that two tables have to have in
common with each other in order for the tables to
be joined.
KML Keyhole Markup Language—the file format used
for Google Earth data.
KMZ a file that is the compressed version of a KML
file.
label text placed on a map to identify features.
Landsat a long-running United States remote sensing
project that had its first satellite launched in 1972 and
continues today.
Landsat 5 the fifth Landsat mission, launched
in 1984, which carries both the TM and MSS
sensors.
Landsat 7 the seventh Landsat mission, launched in
1999, which carries the ETM+ sensor.
Landsat Scene a single image obtained by a landsat
satellite sensor.
large-scale map a map with a higher value for its
representative fraction. Such maps will usually show a
small amount of geographic area.
latitude imaginary lines on a globe north and south
of the Equator that serve as a basis of measurement in
GCS.
layout the assemblage and placement of various map
elements used in constructing a map.
LDCM the Landsat Data Continuity Mission—the
future of the Landsat program, scheduled to be
launched in 2012.
legend a graphical device used on a map as an
explanation of what the various map symbols and
color represent.
LIDAR Light Detection and Ranging. A process in
which a series of laser beams fired at the ground
from an aircraft is used for creation of highly
accurate DEMs.
line segment a single edge of a network that
corresponds to one portion of a street (for instance,
the edge between two junctions).
linear interpolation a method used in geocoding to
place an address location among a range of addresses.