Anderson, J. R., Hardy, E. E., Roach, J. T., and Witmer, R. E. 1976. A Land Use and Land
Cover Classification Systems for Use with Remote Sensing Data. USGS Professional
Paper 964.
Bagheri, S., and Yu, T. 2008. Hyperspectral sensing for assessing nearshore water
quality conditions of Hudson/Raritan estuary. Journal of Environmental Informatics
11(2):123–130.
Ben-Dor, E., Levin, N., and Saaroni, H. 2001. A spectral based recognition of the urban
environment using the visible and near-infrared spectral region (0.4–1.1 m)—A case study
over Tel-Aviv. International Journal of Remote Sensing 22(11):2193–2218.
Benediktsson, J. A., Sveinsson, J. R., and Arnason, K. 1995. Classification and feature
extraction of AVIRIS data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
33:1194–1205.
Bloch, I. 1996. Information combination operators for data fusion: A comparative review with
classification. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics 26:52–67.
Cablk, M. E., and Minor, T. B. 2003. Detecting and discriminating impervious cover with high
resolution IKONOS data using principal component analysis and morphological operators.
International Journal of Remote Sensing 24:4627–4645.
Cao, C., and Lam, N. S.-N. 1997. Understanding the scale and resolution effects in remote
sensing. In D. A. Quattrochi and M. F. Goodchild (Eds.), Scale in Remote Sensing and GIS.
Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 57–72.
Clapham, W. B. Jr. 2003. Continuum-based classification of remotely sensed imagery to
describe urban sprawl on a watershed scale. Remote Sensing of Environment 86:322–340.
Cowen, D. J., Jensen, J. R., Bresnahan, G., Ehler, G. B., Graves, D., Huang, X., Wiesner, C., and
Mackey, H. E. Jr. 1995. The design and implementation of an integrated GIS for environmental applications. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 61(11):1393–1404.
Cracknell, A. P. 1998. Synergy in remote sensing—what’s in a pixel? International Journal of
Remote Sensing 19:2025–2047.
Cushnie, J. L. 1987. The interactive effect of spatial resolution and degree of internal variability
within land-cover types on classification accuracies. International Journal of Remote
Sensing 8:15–29.
Dare, P. M. 2005. Shadow analysis in high-resolution satellite imagery of urban areas.
Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 71:169–177.
Epstein, J., Payne, K., and Kramer, E. 2002. Techniques for mapping suburban sprawl.
Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 63:913–918.
Fisher, P. 1997. The pixel: A snare and a delusion. International Journal of Remote Sensing
18:679–685.
Foody, G. M. 1999. Image classification with a neural network: From completely-crisp to fullyfuzzy situation. In P. M. Atkinson and N. J. Tate (Eds.), Advances in Remote Sensing and
GIS Analysis. New York: Wiley, pp. 17–37.
Foody, G. M. 2002. Status of land cover classification accuracy assessment. Remote Sensing of
Environment 80:185–201.
Fotheringham, A. S., and Wong, D. W. S. 1991. The modifiable areal unit problem in
multivariate statistical analysis. Environment and Planning A 23:1025–1044.
Frohn, R. C. 1998. Remote Sensing for Landscape Ecology: New Metric Indicators for
Monitoring, Modelling, and Assessment of Ecosystems. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.
74
ON THE ISSUE OF SCALE IN URBAN REMOTE SENSING
Cover Classification Systems for Use with Remote Sensing Data. USGS Professional
Paper 964.
Bagheri, S., and Yu, T. 2008. Hyperspectral sensing for assessing nearshore water
quality conditions of Hudson/Raritan estuary. Journal of Environmental Informatics
11(2):123–130.
Ben-Dor, E., Levin, N., and Saaroni, H. 2001. A spectral based recognition of the urban
environment using the visible and near-infrared spectral region (0.4–1.1 m)—A case study
over Tel-Aviv. International Journal of Remote Sensing 22(11):2193–2218.
Benediktsson, J. A., Sveinsson, J. R., and Arnason, K. 1995. Classification and feature
extraction of AVIRIS data. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
33:1194–1205.
Bloch, I. 1996. Information combination operators for data fusion: A comparative review with
classification. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics 26:52–67.
Cablk, M. E., and Minor, T. B. 2003. Detecting and discriminating impervious cover with high
resolution IKONOS data using principal component analysis and morphological operators.
International Journal of Remote Sensing 24:4627–4645.
Cao, C., and Lam, N. S.-N. 1997. Understanding the scale and resolution effects in remote
sensing. In D. A. Quattrochi and M. F. Goodchild (Eds.), Scale in Remote Sensing and GIS.
Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 57–72.
Clapham, W. B. Jr. 2003. Continuum-based classification of remotely sensed imagery to
describe urban sprawl on a watershed scale. Remote Sensing of Environment 86:322–340.
Cowen, D. J., Jensen, J. R., Bresnahan, G., Ehler, G. B., Graves, D., Huang, X., Wiesner, C., and
Mackey, H. E. Jr. 1995. The design and implementation of an integrated GIS for environmental applications. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 61(11):1393–1404.
Cracknell, A. P. 1998. Synergy in remote sensing—what’s in a pixel? International Journal of
Remote Sensing 19:2025–2047.
Cushnie, J. L. 1987. The interactive effect of spatial resolution and degree of internal variability
within land-cover types on classification accuracies. International Journal of Remote
Sensing 8:15–29.
Dare, P. M. 2005. Shadow analysis in high-resolution satellite imagery of urban areas.
Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 71:169–177.
Epstein, J., Payne, K., and Kramer, E. 2002. Techniques for mapping suburban sprawl.
Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 63:913–918.
Fisher, P. 1997. The pixel: A snare and a delusion. International Journal of Remote Sensing
18:679–685.
Foody, G. M. 1999. Image classification with a neural network: From completely-crisp to fullyfuzzy situation. In P. M. Atkinson and N. J. Tate (Eds.), Advances in Remote Sensing and
GIS Analysis. New York: Wiley, pp. 17–37.
Foody, G. M. 2002. Status of land cover classification accuracy assessment. Remote Sensing of
Environment 80:185–201.
Fotheringham, A. S., and Wong, D. W. S. 1991. The modifiable areal unit problem in
multivariate statistical analysis. Environment and Planning A 23:1025–1044.
Frohn, R. C. 1998. Remote Sensing for Landscape Ecology: New Metric Indicators for
Monitoring, Modelling, and Assessment of Ecosystems. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers.
74
ON THE ISSUE OF SCALE IN URBAN REMOTE SENSING