20
Climatic Geomorphology
IO~
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
(a)
Chemical weathering
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
k _
i
1
l,
v
v'
v__v
~__"
203178152127102 76 50 25
nches
-12~
IOOF
-7
20
-1
30
4
40
10
50
16
60
21
70
27
80
"m
(b)
Frost action
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 inches
-12oC
-7
-1
4
10
16
21
27
20317815212710276 50 25 cm
Weathering regions
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 inches
lOOF
-12~
lOOF
20
-7
20
30
-1
30
40
4
40
50
10
50
60
16
60
70
21
70
80
27
80
(c)
203178152127102 76 50 25 cm
(d)
Pluvial erosion
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 inches
- i " I
t
'1
I/i
I
1
-
1 Minimum _ -12~
-
--7
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i
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-~
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aa i rUs i
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- 27
20317815212710276 50 25 cm
IOOF
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
(e)
Mass movement
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 inches
-12~
lOOF
-7
2O
-1
30
4
40
I-.. Maximu~n I
\movement -4
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mass
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70
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80
20317815212710276 50 25 cm
(f)
Wind action
80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 inches
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~l~axir~u'm I "'
_
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wind
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i II 1203178152127102 76 50 25 cm
-12oC
-7
-1
4
10
16
21
27
Figure 1.5. "Peltier diagrams" illustrating the relative importance of some geomorphic processes as a
function of mean annual rainfall and temperature (Peltier, 1950).
Worldwide scale approaches to climate and vegetation controls on weathering intensity
and products have been also undertaken (Strakhov, 1967). This author recognized a clear
climatic zonation of weathering, and identified lixiviation or solution maxima in the
tropical forest and taiga-podsol zones, where precipitation is also higher. Weathering is
more intense and deeper in the tropics in response to the acceleration of the chemical