Fluorescence Indices and Their Interpretation
335
Ewald, M. and Belin, C. (1987). Fluorescence from photic zone water in the Atlantic
Ocean. Sci. Total Environ., 62, 149–155.
Fellman, J.B., Miller, M.P., Cory, R.M., D’Amore, D.V., and White, D. (2009). Characterizing
dissolved organic matter using parafac modeling of fluorescence spectroscopy: A
comparison of two models. Environ. Sci. Technol., 43(16), 6228–6234.
Fellman, J.B., Hood, E., and Spencer, R.G.M. (2010). Fluorescence spectroscopy opens
new windows into dissolved organic matter dynamics in freshwater ecosystems: A
review. Limnol. Oceanogr., 55(6), 2452–2462.
Fulton, J.R., McKnight, D.M., Foreman, C.M., Cory, R.M., Stedmon, C., and Blunt, E.
(2004). Changes in fulvic acid redox state through the oxycline of a permanently icecovered Antarctic lake. Aquat. Sci., 66, 27–46.
Gonsoir, M., Peake, B.M., Cooper, W.J., Jaffe, R., Young, H., Kahn, A.E., and Kowalczuk, P.
(2008). Spectral characterization of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM)
in a fjord (Doubtful Sound, New Zealand). Aquat. Sci., 70, 397–409.
Hassouna, M., Massiani, C., Dudal, Y., Pech, N., and Theraulaz, F. (2010). Changes in
water extractable organic matter (WEOM) in a calcareous soil under field conditions
with time and soil depth. Geoderma, 155(1–2), 75–85.
Holbrook, R., DeRose, P., Leigh, S., Rukhin, A., and Heckert, N. (2006). Excitation–
emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy for natural organic matter characterization: A quantitative evaluation of calibration and spectral correction procedures. Appl.
Spectrosc., 60(7), 791–799.
Hood, E., McKnight, D., and Williams, M. (2003). Sources and chemical character of
dissolved organic carbon across an alpine/subalpine ecotone, Green Lakes Valley,
Colorado Front Range, United States. Water Resour. Res, 39(7), 1188–1200.
Hood, E., Williams, M., and McKnight, D. (2005). Sources of dissolved organic matter
(DOM) in a Rocky Mountain stream using chemical fractionation and stable isotopes.
Biogeochemistry, 74(2), 231–255.
Hudson, N., Baker, A., and Reynolds, D. (2007). Fluorescence analysis of dissolved
organic matter in natural, waste and polluted waters – a review. River Res. Appl.,
23(6), 631–649.
Hudson, N., Baker, A., Ward, D, Reynolds, D., Brunsdon, C., Carliell-Marquet, C., and
Browning, S. (2008). Can fluorescence spectrometry be used as a surrogate for the
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) test in water quality assessment? An example
from South West England. Sci. Total Environ., 391(1), 149–158.
Huguet, A., Vacher, L., Relexans, S., Saubusse, S., Froidefond, J.M., and Parlanti, E.
(2009). Properties of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the gironde estuary. Org.
Geochem., 40(6), 706–719.
Jaffé, R., Boyer, J., Lu, X., Maie, N., Yang, C., Scully, N., and Mock, S. (2004). Source
characterization of dissolved organic matter in a subtropical mangrove-dominated
estuary by fluorescence analysis. Mar. Chem., 84(3–4), 195–210.
Jaffé, R., McKnight, D., Maie, N., Cory, R., McDowell, W., and Campbell, J. (2008).
Spatial and temporal variations in DOM composition in ecosystems: The importance
of long-term monitoring of optical properties. J. Geophys. Res., 113, G04032.
Kalbitz, K., and Geyer, W. (2001). Humification indices of water-soluble fulvic acids
derived from synchronous fluorescence spectra – effects of spectrometer type and
concentration, J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 164(3), 259–265.
Kalbitz, K., Geyer, W., and Geyer, S. (1999). Spectroscopic properties of dissolved humic
substances – a reflection of land use history in a fen area. Biogeochemistry, 47(2),
219–238.
335
Ewald, M. and Belin, C. (1987). Fluorescence from photic zone water in the Atlantic
Ocean. Sci. Total Environ., 62, 149–155.
Fellman, J.B., Miller, M.P., Cory, R.M., D’Amore, D.V., and White, D. (2009). Characterizing
dissolved organic matter using parafac modeling of fluorescence spectroscopy: A
comparison of two models. Environ. Sci. Technol., 43(16), 6228–6234.
Fellman, J.B., Hood, E., and Spencer, R.G.M. (2010). Fluorescence spectroscopy opens
new windows into dissolved organic matter dynamics in freshwater ecosystems: A
review. Limnol. Oceanogr., 55(6), 2452–2462.
Fulton, J.R., McKnight, D.M., Foreman, C.M., Cory, R.M., Stedmon, C., and Blunt, E.
(2004). Changes in fulvic acid redox state through the oxycline of a permanently icecovered Antarctic lake. Aquat. Sci., 66, 27–46.
Gonsoir, M., Peake, B.M., Cooper, W.J., Jaffe, R., Young, H., Kahn, A.E., and Kowalczuk, P.
(2008). Spectral characterization of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM)
in a fjord (Doubtful Sound, New Zealand). Aquat. Sci., 70, 397–409.
Hassouna, M., Massiani, C., Dudal, Y., Pech, N., and Theraulaz, F. (2010). Changes in
water extractable organic matter (WEOM) in a calcareous soil under field conditions
with time and soil depth. Geoderma, 155(1–2), 75–85.
Holbrook, R., DeRose, P., Leigh, S., Rukhin, A., and Heckert, N. (2006). Excitation–
emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy for natural organic matter characterization: A quantitative evaluation of calibration and spectral correction procedures. Appl.
Spectrosc., 60(7), 791–799.
Hood, E., McKnight, D., and Williams, M. (2003). Sources and chemical character of
dissolved organic carbon across an alpine/subalpine ecotone, Green Lakes Valley,
Colorado Front Range, United States. Water Resour. Res, 39(7), 1188–1200.
Hood, E., Williams, M., and McKnight, D. (2005). Sources of dissolved organic matter
(DOM) in a Rocky Mountain stream using chemical fractionation and stable isotopes.
Biogeochemistry, 74(2), 231–255.
Hudson, N., Baker, A., and Reynolds, D. (2007). Fluorescence analysis of dissolved
organic matter in natural, waste and polluted waters – a review. River Res. Appl.,
23(6), 631–649.
Hudson, N., Baker, A., Ward, D, Reynolds, D., Brunsdon, C., Carliell-Marquet, C., and
Browning, S. (2008). Can fluorescence spectrometry be used as a surrogate for the
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) test in water quality assessment? An example
from South West England. Sci. Total Environ., 391(1), 149–158.
Huguet, A., Vacher, L., Relexans, S., Saubusse, S., Froidefond, J.M., and Parlanti, E.
(2009). Properties of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the gironde estuary. Org.
Geochem., 40(6), 706–719.
Jaffé, R., Boyer, J., Lu, X., Maie, N., Yang, C., Scully, N., and Mock, S. (2004). Source
characterization of dissolved organic matter in a subtropical mangrove-dominated
estuary by fluorescence analysis. Mar. Chem., 84(3–4), 195–210.
Jaffé, R., McKnight, D., Maie, N., Cory, R., McDowell, W., and Campbell, J. (2008).
Spatial and temporal variations in DOM composition in ecosystems: The importance
of long-term monitoring of optical properties. J. Geophys. Res., 113, G04032.
Kalbitz, K., and Geyer, W. (2001). Humification indices of water-soluble fulvic acids
derived from synchronous fluorescence spectra – effects of spectrometer type and
concentration, J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 164(3), 259–265.
Kalbitz, K., Geyer, W., and Geyer, S. (1999). Spectroscopic properties of dissolved humic
substances – a reflection of land use history in a fen area. Biogeochemistry, 47(2),
219–238.