18.7
= −12.3 + 5.8 kJ mol
−1
= −6.5 kJ mol
−1
= 9.6 − 5.8 kJ mol
−1
= +3.8 kJ mol
−1
ΔG NET = ΔG Na + ΔG K = −2.7 kJ mol
−1
18.8 (a)
= 10.0 kJ mol
−1
(b)
= −0.7 kJ mol
−1
(c) ΔG NET = 3ΔG Na + 3ΔG K = 28.6 kJ mol
−1
(d) Need ΔG ATP − ΔG NET < 0
18.9
= −11.3 + 6.2 kJ mol
−1
= −5.1 kJ mol
−1
= +9.6 − 6.2 kJ mol
−1
= +3.4 kJ mol
−1
ΔG NET = ΔG Na + ΔG K = −1.6 kJ mol
−1
=
+
−
( .
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( )( .
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298
200
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RT
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482
ANSWERS TO PROBLEMS
9781405124362_5_end.qxd 4/29/08 9:17 Page 482