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13
Estimating Fish Production in
the Itaipu Reservoir (Brazil):
The Relationship Between Fish Trophic
Guilds, Limnology, and Application of
Morphoedaphic Index
Rinaldo Antonio Ribeiro Filho, Julia Myriam de Almeida Pereira
and Simone Friderigi Benassi
R. A. Ribeiro Filho () · J. M. de Almeida Pereira
Universidade Estadual Paulista (unesp), Câmpus Registro,
Av. Nelson Brihi Badur, 430, Vila Tupy,
CEP: 11.900-000 - Registro, SP.
e-mail: rinaldo@registro.unesp.br
S. Friderigi Benassi
Divisão de Reservatório (MARR.CD),
Superintendência de Meio Ambiente,
Itaipu Binacional, CEP, 85866–900
Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil
Abstract
Many experimental studies contributed to the development of the theory of the lacustrine
food web, disclosing the important paper of the fish, for decades ignored by the limnology. This work is based on the hypothesis of the trophic cascade relations, particularly
related to bottom-up and top-down effect in Itaipu Reservoir (Brazil). Using the made data
available by Itaipu Binacional, from 1999 to 2004, analyses of multiple regressions were
accomplished to determine the relationships of the dependent and independent variables. A
negative effect was verified between the water transparency in relation to suspended solids
and turbidity. The chlorophyll-a presented positive relationship with total nitrogen. The
omnivorous, detritivorous, and insectivorous fishes presented a negative effect (control) in
the cyanobacteria concentrations and chlorophyll-a. The estimate of the production of fish
in the reservoir was better related with the concentrations of cyanobacterias of the reservoir.
The top-down and bottom-up effect had been confirmed, the forces top-down had been
found only in the first trophic level, and the others presented bottom-up effect.
Keywords
Trophic cascade reservoir · Limnology · Biotic community · Fish yield
13.1 Introduction
13.1.1 Relationship Between Fish and Water
Quality
Fish plays an important role in the biocenosis of reservoirs
when it comes to water quality. The presence or absence
of certain species, together with the amount of fish in the
system helps to determine the composition and quantity
of nutrients, zooplankton, and phytoplankton in reservoirs
(Straškraba and Tundisi 2000).
The ichthyofauna of a reservoir is altered according to
water quality owing to two factors: (a) contamination by pollutants from tributaries, what can affect various parts of the
reservoir and (b) changes in how the hydrological system
works (Straškraba and Tundisi 2000). The composition of
species of the fauna depends largely on geographical characteristics and lakes and reservoirs are characterized by the
A. A. Ansari, S. S. Gill (eds.), Eutrophication: Causes, Consequences and Control,
DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-7814-6_13, © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014
13
Estimating Fish Production in
the Itaipu Reservoir (Brazil):
The Relationship Between Fish Trophic
Guilds, Limnology, and Application of
Morphoedaphic Index
Rinaldo Antonio Ribeiro Filho, Julia Myriam de Almeida Pereira
and Simone Friderigi Benassi
R. A. Ribeiro Filho () · J. M. de Almeida Pereira
Universidade Estadual Paulista (unesp), Câmpus Registro,
Av. Nelson Brihi Badur, 430, Vila Tupy,
CEP: 11.900-000 - Registro, SP.
e-mail: rinaldo@registro.unesp.br
S. Friderigi Benassi
Divisão de Reservatório (MARR.CD),
Superintendência de Meio Ambiente,
Itaipu Binacional, CEP, 85866–900
Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil
Abstract
Many experimental studies contributed to the development of the theory of the lacustrine
food web, disclosing the important paper of the fish, for decades ignored by the limnology. This work is based on the hypothesis of the trophic cascade relations, particularly
related to bottom-up and top-down effect in Itaipu Reservoir (Brazil). Using the made data
available by Itaipu Binacional, from 1999 to 2004, analyses of multiple regressions were
accomplished to determine the relationships of the dependent and independent variables. A
negative effect was verified between the water transparency in relation to suspended solids
and turbidity. The chlorophyll-a presented positive relationship with total nitrogen. The
omnivorous, detritivorous, and insectivorous fishes presented a negative effect (control) in
the cyanobacteria concentrations and chlorophyll-a. The estimate of the production of fish
in the reservoir was better related with the concentrations of cyanobacterias of the reservoir.
The top-down and bottom-up effect had been confirmed, the forces top-down had been
found only in the first trophic level, and the others presented bottom-up effect.
Keywords
Trophic cascade reservoir · Limnology · Biotic community · Fish yield
13.1 Introduction
13.1.1 Relationship Between Fish and Water
Quality
Fish plays an important role in the biocenosis of reservoirs
when it comes to water quality. The presence or absence
of certain species, together with the amount of fish in the
system helps to determine the composition and quantity
of nutrients, zooplankton, and phytoplankton in reservoirs
(Straškraba and Tundisi 2000).
The ichthyofauna of a reservoir is altered according to
water quality owing to two factors: (a) contamination by pollutants from tributaries, what can affect various parts of the
reservoir and (b) changes in how the hydrological system
works (Straškraba and Tundisi 2000). The composition of
species of the fauna depends largely on geographical characteristics and lakes and reservoirs are characterized by the
A. A. Ansari, S. S. Gill (eds.), Eutrophication: Causes, Consequences and Control,
DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-7814-6_13, © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014