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doi:10.1016/0034-4257(88)90106-X
Immitzer, M., Atzberger, C., Koukal, T.: Tree species classification with random forest using very
high spatial resolution 8-Band WorldView-2 satellite data. Remote Sens. 4, 2661–2693 (2012).
doi:10.3390/rs4092661
Isenburg, M.: LAStools, efficient LiDAR processing software. rapidlasso GmbH (2016)
Jürgens, N., Schmiedel, U., Haarmeyer, D.H., et al.: The BIOTA biodiversity observatories in
Africa—a standardized framework for large-scale environmental monitoring. Environ. Monit.
Assess. 184, 655–678 (2012). doi:10.1007/s10661-011-1993-y
Kang, J., Wang, L., Chen, F., Niu, Z.: Identifying tree crown areas in undulating eucalyptus plantations using JSEG multi-scale segmentation and unmanned aerial vehicle near-infrared imagery.
Int. J. Remote Sens. 38, 1–17 (2016). doi:10.1080/01431161.2016.1253900
Klaassen, E.S., Kwembeya, E.G.: A checklist of Namibian indigenous and naturalised plants.
2013. Occasional Contributions No 5, National Botanical Research Institute, Windhoek,
Namibia (2013).
Krefis, A.C., Schwarz, N.G., Nkrumah, B., et al.: Spatial analysis of land cover determinants of
malaria incidence in the Ashanti Region, Ghana. PLoS One. 6, e17905 (2011). doi:10.1371/
journal.pone.0017905
Kuhn, M., Johnson, K.: Applied Predictive Modeling. Springer, New York (2013)
Kuhn, M.K., Weston, S., Williams, A., et al.: Caret: Classification and Regression Training. R
package version 6.0-70. https://CRAN.Rproject.org/package=caret (2016)
Kyalangalilwa, B., Boatwright, J.S., Daru, B.H., et al.: Phylogenetic position and revised classification of Acacia s.l. (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) in Africa, including new combinations in
Vachellia and Senegalia. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 172, 500–523 (2013). doi:10.1111/boj.12047
Liaw, A., Wiener, M.: Classification and regression by random Forest. R News. 2, 18–22 (2002)
Lisein, J., Michez, A., Claessens, H., Lejeune, P.: Discrimination of deciduous tree species from
time series of unmanned aerial system imagery. PLoS One. 10, e0141006 (2015). doi:10.1371/
journal.pone.0141006
Lucas, R., Bunting, P., Paterson, M., Chisholm, L.: Classification of Australian forest communities using aerial photography, CASI and HyMap data. Remote Sens. Environ. 112, 2088–2103
(2008). doi:10.1016/j.rse.2007.10.011
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Greater Kruger National Park region, by integrating hyperspectral and LiDAR data in a
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(2012). doi:10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2012.03.005
Pal, M.: Random forest classifier for remote sensing classification. Int. J. Remote Sens. 26,
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Perry, C.R., Lautenschlager, L.F.: Functional equivalence of spectral vegetation indices. Remote
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QGIS Development team. QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial
Foundation (2016)
Qi, J., Chehbouni, A., Huete, A.R., Kerr, Y.H., Sorooshian, S.: A modified soil adjusted vegetation
index. Remote Sens. Environ. 48, 119–126 (1994). doi:10.1016/0034-4257(94)90134-1
J. Oldeland et al.
Haralick, R.M., Shanmugam, K., Dinstein, I.: Textural features for image classification. IEEE
Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 3, 610–621 (1973)
Huete, A.R.: A soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI). Remote Sens. Environ. 25, 295–309 (1988).
doi:10.1016/0034-4257(88)90106-X
Immitzer, M., Atzberger, C., Koukal, T.: Tree species classification with random forest using very
high spatial resolution 8-Band WorldView-2 satellite data. Remote Sens. 4, 2661–2693 (2012).
doi:10.3390/rs4092661
Isenburg, M.: LAStools, efficient LiDAR processing software. rapidlasso GmbH (2016)
Jürgens, N., Schmiedel, U., Haarmeyer, D.H., et al.: The BIOTA biodiversity observatories in
Africa—a standardized framework for large-scale environmental monitoring. Environ. Monit.
Assess. 184, 655–678 (2012). doi:10.1007/s10661-011-1993-y
Kang, J., Wang, L., Chen, F., Niu, Z.: Identifying tree crown areas in undulating eucalyptus plantations using JSEG multi-scale segmentation and unmanned aerial vehicle near-infrared imagery.
Int. J. Remote Sens. 38, 1–17 (2016). doi:10.1080/01431161.2016.1253900
Klaassen, E.S., Kwembeya, E.G.: A checklist of Namibian indigenous and naturalised plants.
2013. Occasional Contributions No 5, National Botanical Research Institute, Windhoek,
Namibia (2013).
Krefis, A.C., Schwarz, N.G., Nkrumah, B., et al.: Spatial analysis of land cover determinants of
malaria incidence in the Ashanti Region, Ghana. PLoS One. 6, e17905 (2011). doi:10.1371/
journal.pone.0017905
Kuhn, M., Johnson, K.: Applied Predictive Modeling. Springer, New York (2013)
Kuhn, M.K., Weston, S., Williams, A., et al.: Caret: Classification and Regression Training. R
package version 6.0-70. https://CRAN.Rproject.org/package=caret (2016)
Kyalangalilwa, B., Boatwright, J.S., Daru, B.H., et al.: Phylogenetic position and revised classification of Acacia s.l. (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) in Africa, including new combinations in
Vachellia and Senegalia. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 172, 500–523 (2013). doi:10.1111/boj.12047
Liaw, A., Wiener, M.: Classification and regression by random Forest. R News. 2, 18–22 (2002)
Lisein, J., Michez, A., Claessens, H., Lejeune, P.: Discrimination of deciduous tree species from
time series of unmanned aerial system imagery. PLoS One. 10, e0141006 (2015). doi:10.1371/
journal.pone.0141006
Lucas, R., Bunting, P., Paterson, M., Chisholm, L.: Classification of Australian forest communities using aerial photography, CASI and HyMap data. Remote Sens. Environ. 112, 2088–2103
(2008). doi:10.1016/j.rse.2007.10.011
Magurran, A.E., McGill, B.J.: Biological Diversity: Frontiers in Measurement and Assessment, 1st
edn. Oxford University Press, Oxford/New York (2011).
McInerney, D., Kempeneers, P.: Orfeo toolbox. In: Open Source Geospatial Tools, pp. 199–217.
Springer International Publishing, Basel (2015).
Meyer, G.E., Neto, J.C.: Verification of color vegetation indices for automated crop imaging applications. Comput. Electron. Agric. 63, 282–293 (2008). doi:10.1016/j.compag.2008.03.009
Meyer, D., Dimitriadou, E., Hornik, K., et al.: e1071: Misc Functions of the Department of
Statistics, Probability Theory Group (Formerly: E1071), TU Wien. R package version 1.6-7
https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=e1071 (2015)
Naidoo, L., Cho, M.A., Mathieu, R., Asner, G.: Classification of savanna tree species, in the
Greater Kruger National Park region, by integrating hyperspectral and LiDAR data in a
Random Forest data mining environment. ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens. 69, 167–179
(2012). doi:10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2012.03.005
Pal, M.: Random forest classifier for remote sensing classification. Int. J. Remote Sens. 26,
217–222 (2005). doi:10.1080/01431160412331269698
Perry, C.R., Lautenschlager, L.F.: Functional equivalence of spectral vegetation indices. Remote
Sens. Environ. 14, 169–182 (1984). doi:10.1016/0034-4257(84)90013-0
QGIS Development team. QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial
Foundation (2016)
Qi, J., Chehbouni, A., Huete, A.R., Kerr, Y.H., Sorooshian, S.: A modified soil adjusted vegetation
index. Remote Sens. Environ. 48, 119–126 (1994). doi:10.1016/0034-4257(94)90134-1
J. Oldeland et al.