4 Interactions of Wild and Reared Fish and Invertebrates
153
Glossary
(terms listed in bold in explanations are themselves explained):
Adaptive loci loci influenced by natural selection, usually coding for proteins
Alleles DNA sequences occurring at a locus in diploid systems
Allozymes allelic forms of enzymes (determined by functional genes) and detected
by protein electrophoresis
Assortative mating non random mating, choosing a particular sub-set of a population for mating
Breeding programme programme involving rearing and artificial selection for
desirable traits such as growth rate
Common garden experiment where two groups are tested in a common environment so focussing on genetic differences
Dam female parent
Diploid nuclear systems where one allele derives from the mother and one from the
father
Direct interactions involving interbreeding
DNA sequences nucleic acid (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine) arrangement
Electrophoresis protein or DNA separation method based on rate of migration in
an electric field
F1 and F2 hybrids first and second generation hybrids
Fitness Darwinian fitness, reproductive output
Functional genes DNA sequences coding for proteins or protein regulation
Genetic composition frequencies of alleles at each locus
Genetic drift chance alteration of allele frequencies between generations; much
greater in small populations
Genetic variability measures of numbers of allelic genes at each locus
Genome all the DNA of an individual including the functional genes
Haploid mitochondrial systems with only one maternally-derived DNA
sequence
Heterozygote individual with two different alleles at a locus
Heterozygosity proportion of diploid individuals in a sample that are
heterozygotes
Homozygote individual with two identical alleles at a locus
Hybrid cross between two forms or species
Indirect interactions not involving interbreeding
Individual assignment statistical technique using genotype to assess likely population membership
Interspecific between species
Intraspecific within a species
Local adaptation where a population is optimally adapted to its particular area
Locus place on a pair of homologous chromosomes where two alleles occur in
diploid systems
153
Glossary
(terms listed in bold in explanations are themselves explained):
Adaptive loci loci influenced by natural selection, usually coding for proteins
Alleles DNA sequences occurring at a locus in diploid systems
Allozymes allelic forms of enzymes (determined by functional genes) and detected
by protein electrophoresis
Assortative mating non random mating, choosing a particular sub-set of a population for mating
Breeding programme programme involving rearing and artificial selection for
desirable traits such as growth rate
Common garden experiment where two groups are tested in a common environment so focussing on genetic differences
Dam female parent
Diploid nuclear systems where one allele derives from the mother and one from the
father
Direct interactions involving interbreeding
DNA sequences nucleic acid (adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine) arrangement
Electrophoresis protein or DNA separation method based on rate of migration in
an electric field
F1 and F2 hybrids first and second generation hybrids
Fitness Darwinian fitness, reproductive output
Functional genes DNA sequences coding for proteins or protein regulation
Genetic composition frequencies of alleles at each locus
Genetic drift chance alteration of allele frequencies between generations; much
greater in small populations
Genetic variability measures of numbers of allelic genes at each locus
Genome all the DNA of an individual including the functional genes
Haploid mitochondrial systems with only one maternally-derived DNA
sequence
Heterozygote individual with two different alleles at a locus
Heterozygosity proportion of diploid individuals in a sample that are
heterozygotes
Homozygote individual with two identical alleles at a locus
Hybrid cross between two forms or species
Indirect interactions not involving interbreeding
Individual assignment statistical technique using genotype to assess likely population membership
Interspecific between species
Intraspecific within a species
Local adaptation where a population is optimally adapted to its particular area
Locus place on a pair of homologous chromosomes where two alleles occur in
diploid systems