Table 4.2
Major marine and anadromous aquaculture species produced in Europe with consideration of risk to wild conspecifics and other species. In compiling potential risk, level of production, whether hatchery reared or collected from the wild, the degree of population differentiation and the amount of research,
which has been conducted on genetic effects of interactions are considered
Species
Production
Hatchery
Farmed (F)
Stocked (S)
Native/
exotic
Wild population
Differentiation
Direct
problems
Indirect
problems
Research
status
Potential risk
Atlantic salmon
Very high
Yes
F/S
Native
High
Yes
Yes
Much
Proven to be
high
Mussels
Very high
No
F(in wild)
Native
Low (intraspecifically)
Yes
Yes
Little
Low?
Pacific oyster
Very high
Yes
F(in wild)
Exotic
NA
No
Yes
Little
Medium
Sea bass
High
Yes
F
Native
Medium
Yes
Yes
Little
Medium
Sea bream
High
Yes
F/S
Native
Low
Yes
Yes
Little
Medium
Cod
Medium
Yes
F/S
Native
Medium
Yes
Yes
Some
Medium
Flat oyster
Medium
No
F(in wild)
Native
Low
Yes
Yes
Little
Low
Manila clam
Medium
Yes
F(in wild)
Exotic
NA
No
Yes
Little
Medium
Turbot
Medium
Yes
F/S
Native
Low
Yes
Yes
Little
Low
Halibut
Low
Yes
F
Native
Low
Yes
Yes
Little
Low
Lobster
Low
Yes
S
Native
Low
Yes
Yes
Little
Low (except
locally)
Scallop
Low
Yes
F/S
Native
Low
Yes
Yes
Little
Low
4 Interactions of wild and reared fish and invertebrates
145