594
Glossary
Terminal phase see Hermaphroditism
Threatened species species assessed to be at risk of extinction if current practices, whatever they should be, continue and if they are not suitably managed for
sustainability . Various criteria are used to assess conservation status, including
level of threat to fi sh species at both national and international levels. The most
widely used set of criteria and categories to assess conservations status are those
of IUCN used in the Red List
Tidal jet an area of advecting water near the surface of lower density than underlying
water that is driven by tidal currents, usually emanating from a channel or other
narrow feature
Total allowable catch (TAC) this is the total regulated catch from a stock in a
given time period, usually a year
Total length (TL) refers to the length from the tip of the snout to the tip of the longer lobe of the caudal fi n, usually measured with the lobes compressed along the
mid-line. It is a straight-line measure, not measured over the curve of the body
Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) see LEK
Transect a linear survey which crosses an area where data are gathered on what
is present along the transect. A transect may incorporate a width ( swath ) either
side of the line where data are gathered, or be values present only along the line
(line intercept)
Transient aggregation (TA) this type of spawning aggregation draws individuals
from a relatively large area compared to a resident aggregation. Individuals must
travel days or weeks to reach the aggregation site. TAs often (1) occur during a very
specifi c portion of 1 to a few months of the year; (2) persist for a period of days or
at most a few weeks and (3) do not occur year round. A single transient spawning
aggregation may represent the total reproductive effort for participating individuals
Vorticity The rate of rotation of a fl uid, such as water, and its measurement
References
Allee WC (1931) Animal aggregations: a study in general sociology. University of Chicago Press,
Chicago
Colin PL, Sadovy YJ, Domeier ML (2003) Manual for the study and conservation of reef fi sh
aggregations. Soc Conserv Reef Fish Aggreg Spec Publ 1:1–98, www.SCRFA.org
Lovatelli A, Holthus PF (eds) (2008) Capture-based aquaculture. Global overview. FAO fi sheries
technical paper. No. 508. FAO, Rome, 298p
Nemeth RS (2009) Dynamics of reef fi sh and decapod crustacean spawning aggregations: underlying
mechanisms, habitat linkages and trophic interactions. In: Nagelkerken I (ed) Ecological interactions among tropical coastal ecosystems. Springer, Netherlands
Pauly D (1995) Anecdotes and the shifting baseline syndrome of fi sheries. Trends Ecol Evol
10:430
Sadovy YJ, Donaldson TJ, Graham TR, McGilvray F, Muldoon GJ, Phillips MJ, Rimmer MA,
Smith A, Yeeting B (2003) The live reef food fi sh trade while stocks last. Asian Development
Bank, Manila
Warner RR (1995) Large mating aggregations and daily long-distance spawning migrations in the
bluehead wrasse Thalassoma bifasciatum . Environ Biol Fish 44:337–345
Glossary
Terminal phase see Hermaphroditism
Threatened species species assessed to be at risk of extinction if current practices, whatever they should be, continue and if they are not suitably managed for
sustainability . Various criteria are used to assess conservation status, including
level of threat to fi sh species at both national and international levels. The most
widely used set of criteria and categories to assess conservations status are those
of IUCN used in the Red List
Tidal jet an area of advecting water near the surface of lower density than underlying
water that is driven by tidal currents, usually emanating from a channel or other
narrow feature
Total allowable catch (TAC) this is the total regulated catch from a stock in a
given time period, usually a year
Total length (TL) refers to the length from the tip of the snout to the tip of the longer lobe of the caudal fi n, usually measured with the lobes compressed along the
mid-line. It is a straight-line measure, not measured over the curve of the body
Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) see LEK
Transect a linear survey which crosses an area where data are gathered on what
is present along the transect. A transect may incorporate a width ( swath ) either
side of the line where data are gathered, or be values present only along the line
(line intercept)
Transient aggregation (TA) this type of spawning aggregation draws individuals
from a relatively large area compared to a resident aggregation. Individuals must
travel days or weeks to reach the aggregation site. TAs often (1) occur during a very
specifi c portion of 1 to a few months of the year; (2) persist for a period of days or
at most a few weeks and (3) do not occur year round. A single transient spawning
aggregation may represent the total reproductive effort for participating individuals
Vorticity The rate of rotation of a fl uid, such as water, and its measurement
References
Allee WC (1931) Animal aggregations: a study in general sociology. University of Chicago Press,
Chicago
Colin PL, Sadovy YJ, Domeier ML (2003) Manual for the study and conservation of reef fi sh
aggregations. Soc Conserv Reef Fish Aggreg Spec Publ 1:1–98, www.SCRFA.org
Lovatelli A, Holthus PF (eds) (2008) Capture-based aquaculture. Global overview. FAO fi sheries
technical paper. No. 508. FAO, Rome, 298p
Nemeth RS (2009) Dynamics of reef fi sh and decapod crustacean spawning aggregations: underlying
mechanisms, habitat linkages and trophic interactions. In: Nagelkerken I (ed) Ecological interactions among tropical coastal ecosystems. Springer, Netherlands
Pauly D (1995) Anecdotes and the shifting baseline syndrome of fi sheries. Trends Ecol Evol
10:430
Sadovy YJ, Donaldson TJ, Graham TR, McGilvray F, Muldoon GJ, Phillips MJ, Rimmer MA,
Smith A, Yeeting B (2003) The live reef food fi sh trade while stocks last. Asian Development
Bank, Manila
Warner RR (1995) Large mating aggregations and daily long-distance spawning migrations in the
bluehead wrasse Thalassoma bifasciatum . Environ Biol Fish 44:337–345