584
Y. Sadovy de Mitcheson and P.L. Colin
baseline’ (Pauly 1995 ) , ‘hyperstability’, ‘ecosystem-based management’ and ‘adaptive
management’. Maybe it is time for a major paradigm shift, from seeing spawning
aggregations as special opportunities for fi shing, to understanding them as particularly
important times at which fi sh need to be protected, ensure that there will continue to
be future generations as well as guarantee opportunities in future to witness and
study these marvellous biological events.
References
Claro R, Sadovy de Mitcheson Y, Lindeman K, Garcia-Cagide C, Garcia-Cagide AR (2009)
Historical analysis of Cuban commercial fi shing effort and the effects of management interventions on important reef fi shes from 1960–2005. Fish Res 99(1):7–16
Colin PL, Sadovy YJ, Domeier ML (2003) Manual for the study and conservation of reef fi sh
spawning aggregations. Society for the Conservation of Reef Fish Aggregations. Special
publication No. 1 (Version 1.0), pp 1–98, www.SCRFA.org
Corlett RT (2011) Trouble with the gray literature. Biotropica 43(1):3–5
Craig MT, Sadovy de Mitcheson YJ, Heemstra PC (2011) Groupers of the world: a fi eld and
market guide. Grahamstown: NISC (Pty) Ltd, 424 pp
Heyman WD, Graham RT, Kjerfve B, Johannes RE (2001) Whale sharks Rhincodon typus
aggregate to feed on fi sh spawn in Belize. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 215:275–282
Johannes RE (1981) Words of the lagoon fi shing marine lore in the Palau district of Micronesia.
University of California Press, Los Angeles
Lovatelli A, Holthus PF (2008) Capture-based aquaculture. Global review. FAO Fisheries technical
paper. No. 508. FAO, Rome, pp 5–39. (Also available at: http://www.fao.org/docrep/011/
i0254e/i0254e00.htm )
Olsen DA, LaPlace JA (1979) A study of Virgin Islands grouper fi shery based on a breeding
aggregation. Proc Gulf Caribb Fish Inst 31:130–144
Palau Conservation Society (2010) Enhanced monitoring of grouper spawning aggregation at Ebiil
channel: fi nal technical report, Palau Conservation Society and Society for the Conservation of
Reef Fish aggregations ( www.SCRFA.org )
Pauly D (1995) Anecdotes and the shifting baseline syndrome of fi sheries. Trends Ecol Evol
10(10):430
Randall JE, Randall HA (1963) The spawning and early development of the Atlantic parrot fi sh,
Sparisoma rubripinne , with notes on other scarid and labrid fi shes. Zoologica 48:49–60
Rowe S, Hutchings JA (2003) Mating systems and the conservation of commercially exploited
marine fi sh. Trends Ecol Evol 18:567–572
Sadovy Y (1993) The Nassau grouper, endangered or just unlucky? Reef Encounter 13:10–12
Sadovy de Mitcheson Y, Cornish A, Domeier M, Colin P, Russell M, Lindeman K (2008) A global
baseline for spawning aggregations of reef fi shes. Conserv Biol 22(5):1233–1244
Sale PF, Cowen RK, Danilowicz BS, Jones GP, Kritzer JP, Lindeman KC, Planes S, Polunin NVC,
Russ GR, Sadovy YJ, Steneck RS (2005) Critical science gaps impede use of no-take fi shery
reserves. Trends Ecol Evol 20(2):74–80
Sinclair M (1988) Marine populations Washington Sea Grant. University of Washington Press,
Seattle, Washington, USA
Smith CL (1972) A spawning aggregation of Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus (Bloch). Trans
Am Fish Soc 101:257–261
Vilaro Diaz DJ (1884) Corrida y arribazon de algunos peces cubanos. Manuel Gomez de la Maza,
La Habana
Wilkinson C (2008) Status of coral reefs of the world: 2008. Global Coral Reef Monitoring
Network, Townsville
Y. Sadovy de Mitcheson and P.L. Colin
baseline’ (Pauly 1995 ) , ‘hyperstability’, ‘ecosystem-based management’ and ‘adaptive
management’. Maybe it is time for a major paradigm shift, from seeing spawning
aggregations as special opportunities for fi shing, to understanding them as particularly
important times at which fi sh need to be protected, ensure that there will continue to
be future generations as well as guarantee opportunities in future to witness and
study these marvellous biological events.
References
Claro R, Sadovy de Mitcheson Y, Lindeman K, Garcia-Cagide C, Garcia-Cagide AR (2009)
Historical analysis of Cuban commercial fi shing effort and the effects of management interventions on important reef fi shes from 1960–2005. Fish Res 99(1):7–16
Colin PL, Sadovy YJ, Domeier ML (2003) Manual for the study and conservation of reef fi sh
spawning aggregations. Society for the Conservation of Reef Fish Aggregations. Special
publication No. 1 (Version 1.0), pp 1–98, www.SCRFA.org
Corlett RT (2011) Trouble with the gray literature. Biotropica 43(1):3–5
Craig MT, Sadovy de Mitcheson YJ, Heemstra PC (2011) Groupers of the world: a fi eld and
market guide. Grahamstown: NISC (Pty) Ltd, 424 pp
Heyman WD, Graham RT, Kjerfve B, Johannes RE (2001) Whale sharks Rhincodon typus
aggregate to feed on fi sh spawn in Belize. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 215:275–282
Johannes RE (1981) Words of the lagoon fi shing marine lore in the Palau district of Micronesia.
University of California Press, Los Angeles
Lovatelli A, Holthus PF (2008) Capture-based aquaculture. Global review. FAO Fisheries technical
paper. No. 508. FAO, Rome, pp 5–39. (Also available at: http://www.fao.org/docrep/011/
i0254e/i0254e00.htm )
Olsen DA, LaPlace JA (1979) A study of Virgin Islands grouper fi shery based on a breeding
aggregation. Proc Gulf Caribb Fish Inst 31:130–144
Palau Conservation Society (2010) Enhanced monitoring of grouper spawning aggregation at Ebiil
channel: fi nal technical report, Palau Conservation Society and Society for the Conservation of
Reef Fish aggregations ( www.SCRFA.org )
Pauly D (1995) Anecdotes and the shifting baseline syndrome of fi sheries. Trends Ecol Evol
10(10):430
Randall JE, Randall HA (1963) The spawning and early development of the Atlantic parrot fi sh,
Sparisoma rubripinne , with notes on other scarid and labrid fi shes. Zoologica 48:49–60
Rowe S, Hutchings JA (2003) Mating systems and the conservation of commercially exploited
marine fi sh. Trends Ecol Evol 18:567–572
Sadovy Y (1993) The Nassau grouper, endangered or just unlucky? Reef Encounter 13:10–12
Sadovy de Mitcheson Y, Cornish A, Domeier M, Colin P, Russell M, Lindeman K (2008) A global
baseline for spawning aggregations of reef fi shes. Conserv Biol 22(5):1233–1244
Sale PF, Cowen RK, Danilowicz BS, Jones GP, Kritzer JP, Lindeman KC, Planes S, Polunin NVC,
Russ GR, Sadovy YJ, Steneck RS (2005) Critical science gaps impede use of no-take fi shery
reserves. Trends Ecol Evol 20(2):74–80
Sinclair M (1988) Marine populations Washington Sea Grant. University of Washington Press,
Seattle, Washington, USA
Smith CL (1972) A spawning aggregation of Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus (Bloch). Trans
Am Fish Soc 101:257–261
Vilaro Diaz DJ (1884) Corrida y arribazon de algunos peces cubanos. Manuel Gomez de la Maza,
La Habana
Wilkinson C (2008) Status of coral reefs of the world: 2008. Global Coral Reef Monitoring
Network, Townsville