394
M.W. Russell et al.
Table 11.1
Examples of management actions to conserve spawning aggregations of reef fi shes in the Caribbean and some of the outcomes
Country/
state
Species
Management measures
Year
implemented
Results of measure
Comments
References
Bahamas
Nassau grouper
Andros (High Cay)
1998
Landings still
declining
Ray et al. (
2000 ) ,
www.breef.org
Spatial/temporal closure
(Dec–Feb)
Nassau grouper
Long Island
1999
Landings still
declining
Ray et al. (
2000 ) ,
BREEF ( 2002 )
Spatial/temporal closure
(Dec–Feb)
Nassau grouper
Country-wide seasonal
closure: no take or sale
2004–2010
Uncertain
www.breef.org
Belize
Cubera snapper
Some aggregation sites
included in no-take
MPAs
2003
Inadequate data
to assess
Cubera snapper not
targeted
Heyman et al.
( 2005 )
Mutton snapper
Gladden Spit
2003
Fishing has caused
declines
Decline in landings and
CPUE
Graham et al.
( 2008 )
Restricted access to site
Nassau grouper
Permanent closure
of 11 sites
2003
Limited signs of
recovery since site
closures
Illegal fi shing due to
weak enforcement
Gibson et al. ( 2007 )
and Sala et al.
( 2001 )
Permit access at 2 sites
Closed season
(Dec–March)
Nassau grouper
Slot size limit
(51–76 cm TL).
2009
Too early to assess
impact
Belize Fisheries
Regulations
2009
Must be landed whole,
with no fi lleting
Bermuda
Red hind
Spatial/temporal closure
(May–Aug)
1974
After initial decline,
landings stabilized,
(Fig. 11.5 )
Site boundaries have
changed over time,
some monitoring
since closure but not
regularly
Luckhurst ( 1996,
1998 ) and
Luckhurst and
Trott ( 2009 )
Mean size has
increased markedly
since closures
M.W. Russell et al.
Table 11.1
Examples of management actions to conserve spawning aggregations of reef fi shes in the Caribbean and some of the outcomes
Country/
state
Species
Management measures
Year
implemented
Results of measure
Comments
References
Bahamas
Nassau grouper
Andros (High Cay)
1998
Landings still
declining
Ray et al. (
2000 ) ,
www.breef.org
Spatial/temporal closure
(Dec–Feb)
Nassau grouper
Long Island
1999
Landings still
declining
Ray et al. (
2000 ) ,
BREEF ( 2002 )
Spatial/temporal closure
(Dec–Feb)
Nassau grouper
Country-wide seasonal
closure: no take or sale
2004–2010
Uncertain
www.breef.org
Belize
Cubera snapper
Some aggregation sites
included in no-take
MPAs
2003
Inadequate data
to assess
Cubera snapper not
targeted
Heyman et al.
( 2005 )
Mutton snapper
Gladden Spit
2003
Fishing has caused
declines
Decline in landings and
CPUE
Graham et al.
( 2008 )
Restricted access to site
Nassau grouper
Permanent closure
of 11 sites
2003
Limited signs of
recovery since site
closures
Illegal fi shing due to
weak enforcement
Gibson et al. ( 2007 )
and Sala et al.
( 2001 )
Permit access at 2 sites
Closed season
(Dec–March)
Nassau grouper
Slot size limit
(51–76 cm TL).
2009
Too early to assess
impact
Belize Fisheries
Regulations
2009
Must be landed whole,
with no fi lleting
Bermuda
Red hind
Spatial/temporal closure
(May–Aug)
1974
After initial decline,
landings stabilized,
(Fig. 11.5 )
Site boundaries have
changed over time,
some monitoring
since closure but not
regularly
Luckhurst ( 1996,
1998 ) and
Luckhurst and
Trott ( 2009 )
Mean size has
increased markedly
since closures