230
Y. Sadovy de Mitcheson and B. Erisman
Table 8.1
(continued)
Pacifi c goliath
grouper
Epinephelus
quinque
fasciatus
( = E. itajara
)
Epinephelidae Spearguns
Gulf of
California,
Mexico
Landings dropped from 750 mt to less than
10 tonnes between 1980 and 1988.
Aggregations have not been observed since
1995. Historically, fi sh were harvested almost
exclusively during aggregations. However, in
recent years spearfi shers removed solitary fi sh
throughout the year
Kira ( 1999 ) and Sala
et al. (
2004 )
Gag grouper
Mycteroperca
microlepis
Epinephelidae Trawl
Florida USA
Many aggregations disappeared between the1970s
and 1980s; fi shed during and following
spawning aggregations; Sex ratios shifted from
6:1 females to males in the 1970s under light
fi shing pressure to 30:1 in the 1990s;
Commercial sales ban during spawning season
implemented in 2000; In 2009 fi nal rule
outlines measures for recreational bag limits,
commercial quotas, and closed season for all
fi shing from January to April for shallow
water groupers (gag, black, red, scamp, red
hind, rock hind, coney, graysby, yellowfi n,
yellowmouth, tiger). Dehooking tools required
as necessary
Coleman et al. ( 1996 ) ,
Koenig et al.
( 2000 ), Southeast
Fishery Bulletin
2009 National
Marine Fishery
Service, USA,
Chap. 12.7
Scamp
Mycteroperca
phenax
Epinephelidae Trawl
Florida USA
Declines in landings and average size of landed
fi sh; Percentage of large males decreased from
34% to 21%, median length decreased from
610 to 570 mm TL, and the percentage of fi sh
10 years or older decreased from 17% to 7%
between 1979 and 1997; aggregations
protected by recreational and commercial
harvest ban during spawning season of shallow
water groupers in 2009
Coleman et al. ( 1996 ) ,
Harris et al.
( 2002 ) ; Southeast
Fishery Bulletin
2009 National
Marine Fishery
Service, USA
Species (common
and latin) names
Family
Gear types
Country/Region
Fishery history, management, and conservation
status
References
Y. Sadovy de Mitcheson and B. Erisman
Table 8.1
(continued)
Pacifi c goliath
grouper
Epinephelus
quinque
fasciatus
( = E. itajara
)
Epinephelidae Spearguns
Gulf of
California,
Mexico
Landings dropped from 750 mt to less than
10 tonnes between 1980 and 1988.
Aggregations have not been observed since
1995. Historically, fi sh were harvested almost
exclusively during aggregations. However, in
recent years spearfi shers removed solitary fi sh
throughout the year
Kira ( 1999 ) and Sala
et al. (
2004 )
Gag grouper
Mycteroperca
microlepis
Epinephelidae Trawl
Florida USA
Many aggregations disappeared between the1970s
and 1980s; fi shed during and following
spawning aggregations; Sex ratios shifted from
6:1 females to males in the 1970s under light
fi shing pressure to 30:1 in the 1990s;
Commercial sales ban during spawning season
implemented in 2000; In 2009 fi nal rule
outlines measures for recreational bag limits,
commercial quotas, and closed season for all
fi shing from January to April for shallow
water groupers (gag, black, red, scamp, red
hind, rock hind, coney, graysby, yellowfi n,
yellowmouth, tiger). Dehooking tools required
as necessary
Coleman et al. ( 1996 ) ,
Koenig et al.
( 2000 ), Southeast
Fishery Bulletin
2009 National
Marine Fishery
Service, USA,
Chap. 12.7
Scamp
Mycteroperca
phenax
Epinephelidae Trawl
Florida USA
Declines in landings and average size of landed
fi sh; Percentage of large males decreased from
34% to 21%, median length decreased from
610 to 570 mm TL, and the percentage of fi sh
10 years or older decreased from 17% to 7%
between 1979 and 1997; aggregations
protected by recreational and commercial
harvest ban during spawning season of shallow
water groupers in 2009
Coleman et al. ( 1996 ) ,
Harris et al.
( 2002 ) ; Southeast
Fishery Bulletin
2009 National
Marine Fishery
Service, USA
Species (common
and latin) names
Family
Gear types
Country/Region
Fishery history, management, and conservation
status
References