111
Malham SK, Lacoste A, Gelebart F et al (2002) A first insight into stress-induced neuroendocrine
and immune changes in the octopus Eledone cirrhosa. Aquat Living Resour 15:187–192
Martínez-Porchas M, Martínez-Córdova LR, Ramos-Enriquez R (2009) Cortisol and glucose: reliable indicators of fish stress? Pan-American J Aquatic Sci 4(2):158–178
Mather JA, Anderson RC (2007) Ethics and invertebrates: a cephalopod perspective. Diseases
Aquatic Org 75:119–129
Mcfall-Ngai M (2007) Adaptive immunity: care for the community. Nature 445:153–153
Mcfall-Ngai M, Nyholm SV, Castillo MG (2010) The role of the immune system in the initiation and persistence of the Euprymna scolopes–Vibrio fischeri symbiosis. Semin Immunol
22:48–53
Mclean N, Hochberg FG, Shinn GL (1987) Giant protistan parasites on the gills of cephalopods
(Mollusca). Diseases Aquatic Org 3:119–125
Moltschaniwskyj NA, Hall K, Marian JEAR et al (2007) Ethical and welfare considerations when
using cephalopods as experimental animals. Rev Fish Biol Fish 17:455–476
Nyholm SV, Mcfall-Ngai M (2004) The winnowing: establishing the squid-vibrio symbiosis. Nat
Rev Micro 2:632–642
Nyholm SV, Stewart JJ, Ruby EG et al (2009) Recognition between symbiotic Vibrio fischeri and
the haemocytes of Euprymna scolopes. Environm Microbiol 11:483–493
Oestmann DJ, Scimeca JM, Forsythe J et al (1997) Special considerations for keeping cephalopods
in laboratory facilities. Contemp Topics Lab Anim Sci 36:89–93
Ohl F, Van Der Staay FJ (2012) Animal welfare: at the interface between science and society. Vet
J 192:13–19
Pascual S, Gestal C, Estevez JM et al (1996) Parasites in commercially-exploited cephalopods
(Mollusca, Cephalopoda) in Spain: an updated perspective. Aquaculture 142:1–10
Pottinger TG (2008) The stress response in fish—mechanism, effects and measurement. In: Branson EJ (ed) Fish welfare. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 32–48
Rodríguez-Domínguez H, Soto-Búa M, Iglesias-Blanco R et al (2006) Preliminary study on the
phagocytic ability of Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) haemocytes in
vitro. Aquaculture 254:563–570
Rohrbach B, Schmidtberg H (2006) Sepia arms and tentacles: Model systems for studying the
regeneration of brachial appendages. Vie Milieu 56:175–190
Ross LG, Ross B (1984) Anaesthetic and sedative techniques for fish. Institute of Aquaculture—
University of Stirling, Stirling
Rungger D, Rastelli M, Braendle E et al (1971) A viruslike particle associated with lesions in the
muscles of Octopus vulgaris. J Invertebrate Pathol 17:72–80
Russell WM, Burch RI, Hume CW (1992) Principles of human experimental technique. Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW), Wheathampstead
Schipp R (1987a) General morphological and functional characteristics of the cephalopod circulatory system. An introduction. Experientia 43:474–477
Schipp R (1987b) The blood vessels of Cephalopods. A comparative morphological and functional
survey. Experientia 43:525–537
Seol D-W, Lee J, Im S-Y et al (2007) Clove oil as an anaesthetic for common octopus ( Octopus
minor, Sasaki). Aquac Res 38:45–49
Sherrill J, Spelman LH, Reidel CL et al (2000) Common cuttlefish ( Sepia officinalis) mortality
at the national zoological park: implications for clinical management. J Zoo Wildlife Med
31:523–531
Stoskopf MK, Nevy S, Flynn S (1987) Treatment of ulcerative mantle disease due to Pseudomonas
spp. In: Octopus dofleini and Octopus bimaculoides with oxytetracycline. In: Annual meeting
of the international association of aquatic animal medicine, Monterey, California
Sykes AV, Domingues PM, Correia M et al (2006) Cuttlefish culture—State of the art and future
trends. Vie Milieu 56:129–137
Sykes AV, Baptista FD, Gonçalves RA et al (2012) Directive 2010/63/EU on animal welfare: a review on the existing scientific knowledge and implications in cephalopod aquaculture research.
Rev Aquacult 4:142–162
6 Welfare and Diseases Under Culture Conditions
Malham SK, Lacoste A, Gelebart F et al (2002) A first insight into stress-induced neuroendocrine
and immune changes in the octopus Eledone cirrhosa. Aquat Living Resour 15:187–192
Martínez-Porchas M, Martínez-Córdova LR, Ramos-Enriquez R (2009) Cortisol and glucose: reliable indicators of fish stress? Pan-American J Aquatic Sci 4(2):158–178
Mather JA, Anderson RC (2007) Ethics and invertebrates: a cephalopod perspective. Diseases
Aquatic Org 75:119–129
Mcfall-Ngai M (2007) Adaptive immunity: care for the community. Nature 445:153–153
Mcfall-Ngai M, Nyholm SV, Castillo MG (2010) The role of the immune system in the initiation and persistence of the Euprymna scolopes–Vibrio fischeri symbiosis. Semin Immunol
22:48–53
Mclean N, Hochberg FG, Shinn GL (1987) Giant protistan parasites on the gills of cephalopods
(Mollusca). Diseases Aquatic Org 3:119–125
Moltschaniwskyj NA, Hall K, Marian JEAR et al (2007) Ethical and welfare considerations when
using cephalopods as experimental animals. Rev Fish Biol Fish 17:455–476
Nyholm SV, Mcfall-Ngai M (2004) The winnowing: establishing the squid-vibrio symbiosis. Nat
Rev Micro 2:632–642
Nyholm SV, Stewart JJ, Ruby EG et al (2009) Recognition between symbiotic Vibrio fischeri and
the haemocytes of Euprymna scolopes. Environm Microbiol 11:483–493
Oestmann DJ, Scimeca JM, Forsythe J et al (1997) Special considerations for keeping cephalopods
in laboratory facilities. Contemp Topics Lab Anim Sci 36:89–93
Ohl F, Van Der Staay FJ (2012) Animal welfare: at the interface between science and society. Vet
J 192:13–19
Pascual S, Gestal C, Estevez JM et al (1996) Parasites in commercially-exploited cephalopods
(Mollusca, Cephalopoda) in Spain: an updated perspective. Aquaculture 142:1–10
Pottinger TG (2008) The stress response in fish—mechanism, effects and measurement. In: Branson EJ (ed) Fish welfare. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 32–48
Rodríguez-Domínguez H, Soto-Búa M, Iglesias-Blanco R et al (2006) Preliminary study on the
phagocytic ability of Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) haemocytes in
vitro. Aquaculture 254:563–570
Rohrbach B, Schmidtberg H (2006) Sepia arms and tentacles: Model systems for studying the
regeneration of brachial appendages. Vie Milieu 56:175–190
Ross LG, Ross B (1984) Anaesthetic and sedative techniques for fish. Institute of Aquaculture—
University of Stirling, Stirling
Rungger D, Rastelli M, Braendle E et al (1971) A viruslike particle associated with lesions in the
muscles of Octopus vulgaris. J Invertebrate Pathol 17:72–80
Russell WM, Burch RI, Hume CW (1992) Principles of human experimental technique. Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW), Wheathampstead
Schipp R (1987a) General morphological and functional characteristics of the cephalopod circulatory system. An introduction. Experientia 43:474–477
Schipp R (1987b) The blood vessels of Cephalopods. A comparative morphological and functional
survey. Experientia 43:525–537
Seol D-W, Lee J, Im S-Y et al (2007) Clove oil as an anaesthetic for common octopus ( Octopus
minor, Sasaki). Aquac Res 38:45–49
Sherrill J, Spelman LH, Reidel CL et al (2000) Common cuttlefish ( Sepia officinalis) mortality
at the national zoological park: implications for clinical management. J Zoo Wildlife Med
31:523–531
Stoskopf MK, Nevy S, Flynn S (1987) Treatment of ulcerative mantle disease due to Pseudomonas
spp. In: Octopus dofleini and Octopus bimaculoides with oxytetracycline. In: Annual meeting
of the international association of aquatic animal medicine, Monterey, California
Sykes AV, Domingues PM, Correia M et al (2006) Cuttlefish culture—State of the art and future
trends. Vie Milieu 56:129–137
Sykes AV, Baptista FD, Gonçalves RA et al (2012) Directive 2010/63/EU on animal welfare: a review on the existing scientific knowledge and implications in cephalopod aquaculture research.
Rev Aquacult 4:142–162
6 Welfare and Diseases Under Culture Conditions