7
1 Governability – New Directions in Fisheries Governance
of the world’s fastest growing food producing industries, providing many bene fi ts
for society, governance challenges are expected to occur. They appraise what
these are, drawing on lessons from salmon farming in Norway and Canada. Their
analysis shows that governability of salmon aquaculture industry can be elevated
through technological improvement, economic-based instruments, and innovative
governance solutions.
In Chap. 12 , De la Cruz Modino and Pascual-Fernández apply the concept to
marine protected areas (MPAs) in Spain, arguing for the roles of local communities
in enhancing the implementation and effectiveness of marine conservation and thus
the sustainability of small-scale fi sheries in the area. They also emphasize the
importance of partnership and the step zero for MPA governance, which in turn
helps improve governability. The fi nal chapter in this part addresses another key
issue in fi sheries governance, gender inequality. Frangoudes, Marugán-Pintos and
Pascual-Fernández exemplify this in Chap. 13 with the struggles that women who
gather shell fi sh in Galicia face in their attempts to gain control over the exploitation
of the resources. The case study demonstrates how local organization can be transformed to empower women and eliminate inequality, thereby enhancing the overall
governability of a fi shery system.
Recognizing that numerous methods and approaches may be employed to examine
the various aspects of fi sheries systems that affect governability, the chapters of Part
IV present an eclectic suite of what these may be in empirical settings. In Chap. 14 ,
Chuenpagdee and Mahon offer a broad overview of existing tools and techniques
for investigating the characteristics of the system-to-be-governed, the capacity of
the governing system and the quality of their interactions. Their examples include
both natural science approaches (life histories, trophodynamics and food web studies)
and social science methods (oral histories, stakeholder surveys and discourse analyses).
Song and Chuenpagdee (Chap. 15 ) follow with an illustration of a speci fi c tool
called the ‘damage schedule,’ a paired-comparison method aimed at capturing the
relative importance of issues concerning fi sheries and aquaculture that might result
in a prioritization of goals. The application to illegal fi shing in Lake Malawi reveals
people’s underlying values and highlights what it takes to enhance governability in
a way that bene fi ts the ecosystems and the communities. The next approach, presented by Mahon and McConney (Chap. 16 ), is commonly used in social network
analysis. The chapter demonstrates the utility of a network perspective in revealing
system characteristics, such as where institutional links are de fi cient and how power
is distributed within the fi sheries governance system. This information is essential,
they argue, for determining where interventions for improving governability are
required. Networks and cooperation across scales are also important in fi sheries
governance, as illustrated by Almerigi, Fanning, Mahon and McConney (Chap. 17 )
with the example of the marine ecosystem-based management initiative for the
Wider Caribbean Region. The authors employ a facilitation process to explore
multi-level functionality, shared vision, guiding principles and priority actions of
institutions and actors in the region in addressing key issues and identifying strategies for collaboration.
The fi nal part (Part V) contains two chapters, one by Chuenpagdee and Jentoft
and the other one by Kooiman. In the former (Chap. 18 ), the authors draw on the
1 Governability – New Directions in Fisheries Governance
of the world’s fastest growing food producing industries, providing many bene fi ts
for society, governance challenges are expected to occur. They appraise what
these are, drawing on lessons from salmon farming in Norway and Canada. Their
analysis shows that governability of salmon aquaculture industry can be elevated
through technological improvement, economic-based instruments, and innovative
governance solutions.
In Chap. 12 , De la Cruz Modino and Pascual-Fernández apply the concept to
marine protected areas (MPAs) in Spain, arguing for the roles of local communities
in enhancing the implementation and effectiveness of marine conservation and thus
the sustainability of small-scale fi sheries in the area. They also emphasize the
importance of partnership and the step zero for MPA governance, which in turn
helps improve governability. The fi nal chapter in this part addresses another key
issue in fi sheries governance, gender inequality. Frangoudes, Marugán-Pintos and
Pascual-Fernández exemplify this in Chap. 13 with the struggles that women who
gather shell fi sh in Galicia face in their attempts to gain control over the exploitation
of the resources. The case study demonstrates how local organization can be transformed to empower women and eliminate inequality, thereby enhancing the overall
governability of a fi shery system.
Recognizing that numerous methods and approaches may be employed to examine
the various aspects of fi sheries systems that affect governability, the chapters of Part
IV present an eclectic suite of what these may be in empirical settings. In Chap. 14 ,
Chuenpagdee and Mahon offer a broad overview of existing tools and techniques
for investigating the characteristics of the system-to-be-governed, the capacity of
the governing system and the quality of their interactions. Their examples include
both natural science approaches (life histories, trophodynamics and food web studies)
and social science methods (oral histories, stakeholder surveys and discourse analyses).
Song and Chuenpagdee (Chap. 15 ) follow with an illustration of a speci fi c tool
called the ‘damage schedule,’ a paired-comparison method aimed at capturing the
relative importance of issues concerning fi sheries and aquaculture that might result
in a prioritization of goals. The application to illegal fi shing in Lake Malawi reveals
people’s underlying values and highlights what it takes to enhance governability in
a way that bene fi ts the ecosystems and the communities. The next approach, presented by Mahon and McConney (Chap. 16 ), is commonly used in social network
analysis. The chapter demonstrates the utility of a network perspective in revealing
system characteristics, such as where institutional links are de fi cient and how power
is distributed within the fi sheries governance system. This information is essential,
they argue, for determining where interventions for improving governability are
required. Networks and cooperation across scales are also important in fi sheries
governance, as illustrated by Almerigi, Fanning, Mahon and McConney (Chap. 17 )
with the example of the marine ecosystem-based management initiative for the
Wider Caribbean Region. The authors employ a facilitation process to explore
multi-level functionality, shared vision, guiding principles and priority actions of
institutions and actors in the region in addressing key issues and identifying strategies for collaboration.
The fi nal part (Part V) contains two chapters, one by Chuenpagdee and Jentoft
and the other one by Kooiman. In the former (Chap. 18 ), the authors draw on the