Imaging Spectrometry of Inland Water
Quality in Italy Using MIVIS: An Overview
Claudia Giardino, Mariano Bresciani, Erica Matta, and Vittorio E. Brando
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
2 Methods: An Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 63
3 Imaging Spectrometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
4 MIVIS Applications in Italian Inland Waters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4.1 Data Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 68
4.2 Water Quality in Lake Trasimeno . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
4.3 Cyanobacteria Bloom in Lakes of Mantua . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
4.4 Macrophyte Beds in Lake Garda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
4.5 Floating Materials in Lake Idro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
4.6 Oil Spill in Confluence of Lambro and Po Rivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
5 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Abstract Airborne imaging spectrometry is a powerful tool to investigate key
biophysical parameters in inland waters. High spectral resolution data forms a
contiguous spectrum that enables the detection and identification of a variety of
key water quality indicators (e.g. cyanobacteria pigments). High spatial resolution
imagery is suitable for fine-scale observation (e.g. the patchy spatial distribution of
C. Giardino (*) • M. Bresciani • E. Matta
Optical Sensing Group, Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment,
National Research Council of Italy, via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy
e-mail: giardino.c@irea.cnr.it
V.E. Brando
Optical Sensing Group, Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment,
National Research Council of Italy, via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy
Aquatic Remote Sensing Group, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Organisation (CSIRO) Oceans and Atmosphere, GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601,
Australia
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015
T. Younos, T.E. Parece (eds.), Advances in Watershed Science
and Assessment, The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 33,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-14212-8_3
61
Quality in Italy Using MIVIS: An Overview
Claudia Giardino, Mariano Bresciani, Erica Matta, and Vittorio E. Brando
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
2 Methods: An Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 63
3 Imaging Spectrometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
4 MIVIS Applications in Italian Inland Waters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
4.1 Data Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 68
4.2 Water Quality in Lake Trasimeno . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
4.3 Cyanobacteria Bloom in Lakes of Mantua . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
4.4 Macrophyte Beds in Lake Garda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
4.5 Floating Materials in Lake Idro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
4.6 Oil Spill in Confluence of Lambro and Po Rivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
5 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Abstract Airborne imaging spectrometry is a powerful tool to investigate key
biophysical parameters in inland waters. High spectral resolution data forms a
contiguous spectrum that enables the detection and identification of a variety of
key water quality indicators (e.g. cyanobacteria pigments). High spatial resolution
imagery is suitable for fine-scale observation (e.g. the patchy spatial distribution of
C. Giardino (*) • M. Bresciani • E. Matta
Optical Sensing Group, Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment,
National Research Council of Italy, via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy
e-mail: giardino.c@irea.cnr.it
V.E. Brando
Optical Sensing Group, Institute for Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment,
National Research Council of Italy, via Bassini 15, 20133 Milan, Italy
Aquatic Remote Sensing Group, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Organisation (CSIRO) Oceans and Atmosphere, GPO Box 1666, Canberra, ACT 2601,
Australia
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015
T. Younos, T.E. Parece (eds.), Advances in Watershed Science
and Assessment, The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 33,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-14212-8_3
61